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62 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What muscle raises eyebrows and wrinkles forehead horizontally?
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Occipital Frontalis (Epicranius)
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What muscle wrinkles forehead vertically?
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Corrugator supercilii
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What are the muscles of Facial Expression?
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Occipital Frontalis (Epicranius)
Corrugator supercilii Orbicularis oculi Zygomatic major Orbicularis oris Buccinator |
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What are the Muscles of Mastication?
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Masseter
Temporalis Pterygoids (lateral and medial) |
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What are the Origin and Insertion for Occipital Frontalis?
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O: Occipital Bone
I: Tissues of eyebrows |
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What are the Origin and Insertion for Corrugator supercilii?
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O: Frontal Bone
I: Skin of eybrow |
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What are the Origin and Insertion for Orbicularis Oculi?
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Encircles eyelid
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What are the Origin and Insertion for Zygomatic major?
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O: Zygomatic bone
I: Angle of mouth |
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What are the Origin and Insertion for Orbicularis Oris?
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Encircles mouth
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What are the Origin and Insertion for Buccinator?
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O: Maxillae
I: Skin of sides of mouth |
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What are the Muscles of Mastication?
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Masseter
Temporalis Pterygoids |
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What are the Origin and Insertion for the Masseter muscle?
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O: Zygomatic arch
I: Mandible |
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What muscle closes the jaw?
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Masseter
Temporalis |
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What are the Origin and Insertion for the Temporalis muscle?
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O: Temporal bone
I: Mandible |
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What are the Origin and Insertion for the Pterygoids?
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O: Undersurface of skull
I: Mandible |
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What muscles causes the teeth to grate:
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Pterygoids
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What muscle flexes head and rotates head toward opposite side?
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Sternocleidomastoid
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What are the Origin and Insertion for the Sternocleidomastoid muscle?
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O: Sternum and Clavicle
I: Temporal Bone |
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The spasm of this muscle alone or associated with trapezius is called what?
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Torticullis or wryneck
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Name the skeletal muscles that produce respiratory movements
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External and Internal Intercostals and Diaphragm
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Name two functions of the rectus abdominus muscle.
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Compress abdomen and rotates trunk laterally
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Name the muscles that move the head.
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Sternocleidomastoid
Semispinalis capitis Splenius capitis Longissimus capitis |
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What are the muscles of the Thorax?
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External intercostals
Internal intercostals Diaphragm |
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Name the muscles of the anterolateral wall.
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Transverse abdomen
Internal oblique External oblique |
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Name Muscles of facial expression
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Orbicularis oculi
Orbicularis oris Buccinator Masseter Temporalis |
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Name Muscles of mastication
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Responsible for chewing movements
Same muscles as those for facial expression |
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Name Muscles that move the head
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Paired muscles on either side of the neck are responsible for head movements.
Sternocleidomastoid Semispinalis capitis Longissimus capitis |
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Name Trunk Muscles
Muscles of the Thorax-Critical importance in respirations |
External intercostals
Internal intercostals Diaphragm |
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Name Muscles of the abdominal wall
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Arranged in three layers, with fibers in each layer running in different directions to increase strength.
External oblique Internal oblique Transverse abdominus Rectus abdominus Quadratus Lumborum |
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Name Muscles of the back
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Bend or stabalize the back
Erector Spinae Group -Iliocostalis group -Longissimus group -Spinalis group Transvers Spinalis group -Semispinalis group -Multifidus group Splenius Interspinales group |
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List the major connective tissue elements related to skeletal muscle.
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-Epimysium
-Perimysium -Epimysium -Tendon -Aponeurosis -Fascia -Tendon sheath |
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Discuss the attachment of muscles.
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Origin-Point of attachment that does not move when th muscle contracts
Insertion- Point of attachment that moves when the muscles contracts |
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Explain the functional classification muscles based on movement pattern
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Prime mover (Agonist)- a muscle or group of muscles that directly perform a specific movement
Antagonist-directly oppose prime movers; provide precision and control during contraction of prime movers Synergist-contract same time as the prime mover; they produce a more efficient movement. Fixator-Joint stabilizer |
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Identify six features that may be used to name a muscle
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Location
Function Shape Direction of fibers Number of heads or divisions points of attachment Size of muscle |
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Define posture and discuss its importance to the body as a whole.
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Simply maintaining optimal body position. It means body alignment that most favors function; the position that requires the least muscular work to maintain, specifically, the position that places the least strain on muscles, ligaments, and bones. and often it means keepin the body's center of gravity over its base.
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How is posture maintained?
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Muscles exert continual pull on bones in the opposite direction from gravity.
Structures and systems play role in maintaing posture; Nervous, Circulatory, Respiratory, Digestive, Excretory, and Endocrine Systems all contribute to maintain posture. |
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Muscles of the Pelvic Floor
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Levator ani
Ischiocavernosus Bulbospongiosus Deep transverse perinei Sphincter urethrae Sphincter ani externus |
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What two muscles form most of the pelvic floor?
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Levator ani and Coccygeus
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Muscles Acting on on the Shoulder Girdle
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Trapezius
Pectoralis minor Serratus anterior Levator scapulae Rhomboid major Rhomboid minor |
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Trapezius
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Raises or lowers the shoulders and shrugs them.
Extends the head when the occiput acts as the insertion |
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Pectoralis minor
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Pulls the shoulder down and forward
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Serratus anterior
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Pulls the shoulder down and forward; abducts and rotates it upward
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Levator scapulaie
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Elevates and retracts the scapula and abducts the neck
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Rhomboid major
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Retracts, rotates, and fixes the scapula
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Rhomboid minor
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Retracts, rotates, elevates, and fixes the scapula
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Rotator Cuff Muscles
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Suprapinatus
Infraspinatus Teres minor Subscapularis |
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Muscles that move the Upper Arm
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(Axial)
Pectoralis major Latissimus dorsi (Scapular) Deltoid Coracobrachialis Supraspinatus Teres major Infraspinatus Supscapularis |
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Pectoralis major
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Flexes the upper arm
Adducts the upper arm anteriorly; draws it across the ches |
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Latissimus dorsi
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Extends the upper arm;
Adducts the upper arm posteriorly |
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Deltoid
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Abducts the upper arm
Assists the flexion and extension of the upper arm |
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Coracobrachialis
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Adduction; assists in flexion and medial rotation of the arm
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Supraspinatus
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Assists in abducting the arm
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Teres minor
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Rotates the arm outward
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Teres major
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Assists in extension, adduction, and medial rotation of the arm
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Infraspinatus
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Rotates the arm outward
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Subscapularis
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Medial rotation
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Extrinsic muscles
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Refers to muscles originating outside of the part of the skeleton moved.
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Intrinsic muscles
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Refers to muscles that are actually within the part moved.
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Where are the flexors for the wrist, hand, and fingers located?
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Anterior surface of the forearm.
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Where are the extensors for the wrist, hand, and fingers located?
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Posterior surface of the forearm.
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Opponens pollicis
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It allows the thumb to be drawn across the palm to touch the tip of any finger-a critical movement for many manipulative-type activities.
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Muscles that move the Forearm
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Flexors
Biceps brachii Brachialis Brachioradialis Extensor Triceps brachii Pronators Pronator teres Pronator quadratus Supinator Supinator |
