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91 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Who was born in France and trained as a priest and lawyer?
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John Calvin
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Who was called the "German Leonardo?"
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Albrecht Durer
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Which religion did not believe in infant baptism?
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Anabaptists
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Who spent 50 years createing two pairs of bronze doors for the Baptistery of the local cathedral in Florence?
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Lorenzo Ghiberti
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Who was In Praise of Folly written by?
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Erasmus
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Who was The Council of Trent led by?
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Cardinal Carlo Borromeo
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Who painted The Last Supper?
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Leonardo da Vinci
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Who was commissioned by a wealthy merchant to decorate the Arena Chapel with scenes from the Bible?
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Giotto di Bondone
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Who were the Jesuits founded by?
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Ignatius of Loyola
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What did Leonardo da Vinci study?
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Architecture, anatomy, botany, engineering, optics.
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Who emerged in the 1500's and used vibrant colors to portray lively scenes of peasant life?
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Pieter Brugel
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What was the Renaissance?
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It marked a shift from an aricultural to an urban society
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What did the Renaissance reawaken?
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An interest in the classical learning of Greece and Rome
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What is humanism?
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The study of ancience Greece and Rome
Focused on secular subjects Focused on the humanities Talked about grammar, poetry, redarict, and history |
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When did the Renaissance take place?
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1300-1600
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What does Renaissance mean?
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Rebirth
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Where did the Renaissance begin?
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Northern Italy
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Why did the rest of Eruope lag behind?
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France and England were fighting a 100 years war and the Black Plague
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What was Italy divided into?
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Many small city state controlled by a wealthy and powerful merchant class.
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What did trade during the crusades lead to?
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The growth of large city states in northern Italy
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Who did Italy trade with?
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Well developed markets on the easter Mediterannean and with North Africa and Northern Europe
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What did trade create?
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Large towns throughout the region
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Who was the ruling family of Florence?
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The Medici Family
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What did Cosimo de Medici do?
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Cleaned Florence, wanted to make Florence the artistic capital of Europe, created a puppet regime to create an illusion of a republic
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When did Cosimo de Medici gain power?
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1434
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What was Lorenzo de Medici also known as?
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Lorenzo "the Magnificient"
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How was Lorenzo de Medici related to Cosimo de Medici?
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Lorenzo was Cosimo's grandson
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What did Lorenzo de Medici do?
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A huge patron of the arts, built on what his grandfather started continued cleaning and put on festivals
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What type of figures did Renaissance artists paint?
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They painted religious figures against classical Greek and Roman backgrounds
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What new techniques were used in Renaissance art?
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Return to realism, perspective, shading, arcs and colums, and rejected the gothic style
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What were Donatello's most famous works of art?
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A life-size statue of a soldier on horseback
"David" |
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What were Brunelleschi's most famous works of art?
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He completed the Dome of on cathedral in Florence
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What were Leonardo da Vinci's most famous works of art?
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Mona Lisa
The Last Supper Sketches of nature and models in his studie Sketches for flying machines and undersea boats. |
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What did Leonardo da Vinci study?
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Botany, anatomy, optics, music, architecture, and engineering
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What were Michelangelo's most famous works of art?
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David - marble sculpture
Peita - Mary holding Jesus Painted a series of huge murals to decorate the ceiling of the Sistin Chapel in Rome Dome of St. Peter's Cathedral |
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What did the murials on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, painted by Michelangelo, depict?
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The bibilical history of the world from the creation to the flood
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What did Michelangelo excell in?
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Sculpting, engineering, painting, architecture, and poetry
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What were Raphael's most famous works of art?
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School of Athens
His portrayal of Madonna |
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What two styles did Raphael blend?
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Christian and Classical Styles
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Who was commisioned by a wealthy merchant to decorate the Arena Chapel with scenes from the Bible?
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Giotto di Bondone
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What technique did Giotto di Bondone use in his painting?
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Fresco painting
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What was fresco painting?
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Painting on wet plaster
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What were Giotto di Bondone's most famous works of art?
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Painted human figures that looked lifelike
Created the illusion of depth |
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What were Lorenzo Ghiberti's most famous works of art?
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He spent 50 years creating two pairs of bronze doors for the babtistery of the local cathedral in Florence.
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What were Masaccio's most famous works of art?
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Decorated a chapel in Florence using perspective in a fresco called "The Healing of the Cripple and the Ressurection of Tabitha"
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What did Renaissance writers reflect an interest in?
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Philosophy and history
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What were Dante Alighieri's most famous pieces?
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Divine Comedy
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Fully explain the Divine Comedy.
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Roman Poet Virgil guides Dante through hell
They visit purgatory Dante is guided through paradise by the medieval monk, St. Bernard, where he meets Beatrice |
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Who was Dante's muse?
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Beatrice, who he fell in love with at age 8 and died at age 24
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What did Dante write in?
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The vernacular of his homeland
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What language did Francisco Petrach write in?
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Italian - wrote sonnets in honor of a mysterious woman named Laura
Latin - letters |
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Who did Petrach imitate the style of?
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Cicero
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What did Petrach strive for?
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Simplicity and purity
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What was the most widely read book during the Renaissance?
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The Book of the Courtier
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Who wrote The Book of the Courtier?
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Baldassacre Castiglione
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What did The Book of the Courtier describe?
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The ideal man and woman.
Man - wrote, athletic, good at games but not gamblers, plays an instrument, knows history and literature but is not arrogant Women - graceful, kind, lively but reserved and did not seek fame like men did |
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What did Machiavello write?
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The Prince
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Why did Machiavello write the Prince?
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In 1494, King Charles VIII of France led an army across the Alps into northern Italy. His goal was to claim Naples in the south, but his invasion led past Florence which he attacked. Piero de Medici surrendered without a fight. Outraged by their ruler's weekness, a mob of Florentines storm the Medici palace and drove Piero into exile. For the next two generatinos, Florence and other Italian city states suffered from numerous wars and political upheavals. Florence, Milan, Venice, and Rome were forced to ally themselves with foreign powers
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What were Machiavello's beliefs?
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A prince might have to trick his enemies and even his own people for the good of the state
Not concerned with what was morally right, but what was politically effective The ends justified the means |
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How many people did the Black Plague kill?
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60%
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Who improved upon the printing machine first invented by the Chinese?
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Johann Gutenburg
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Where was Johann Gutenburg from?
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Mainz, Germany
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What was the first book Johann Gutenburg printed and when?
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He printed the first complete edition of the bible using a printing press with movable type in 1455
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What changes did the printing press cause?
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Printed books were cheaper than hand-copied books
Increased literacy Readers gained knowledge in all areas Exposed educated Europeans to new ideas and new places |
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Where did the northern Renaissance begin?
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Presperous cities - Flanders, a region that included parts of present-day northern France, Belguim, and the Netherlands
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Who was Jan van Eyck?
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One of the most important Flemish painters who portrayed townspeople as well as religious scenes in realistic detail
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What was Pieter Bruegel known for?
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Painting vibrant colors to portray lively scenes of peasant life
Emerged in the 1500s |
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What nationality was Pieter Bruegel?
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Flemish
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What nationality was Peter Paul Rubens?
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Flemish
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What is Peter Paul Rubens known for?
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Blending realistic tradtions of Flemish painters with classical themes of the Italian Renaissance
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Who was called the German Leonardo?
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Albrecht Durer
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Where did Albrecht Durer travel and why?
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In 1494, he traveled to Italy to Study the Italian masters
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Albrecht Durer became a pioneer for what?
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Spreading Renaissance ideas to Northern Europe
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What did Humanist scholors stress?
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Education and classical learning hoping to bring about religious and moral reform
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Who was a dutch preist and humanist born in 1466?
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Erasmus
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What did Erasmus write?
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Texts on a number of subjects and his knowledge of classical languages to produced a new Greek edition of the Bible
In Praise of Folly |
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Where did Erasmus want reform?
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Catholic church
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What did Sir Thomas More write?
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Utopia
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What was Utopia about?
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An ideal society in which men and women live in peace and harmony
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Where did Sir Thomas More want reform?
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Social
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Who was an English humanist?
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Sir Thomas More
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Who was a French humanist?
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Rabelais
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What did Rabelais write?
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Gargantua and Pantagruel
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What was Rabelais' career?
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Monk, physician, Greek scholar, and author
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What were Gargantua and Pantagruel about?
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The adventures of two gentle giants. His characters offered opinions on religion, education, and other serious issue
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Who was Shakespeare?
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English poet and playwrite
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How many plays did Shakespeare write?
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37
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What Renaissance ideas did Shakespeare explore?
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The complexity of the individual and the importance of the classics
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Who ruled during the Quattrocento?
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Cosimi de Medici
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Which three cities had populations of 100,000?
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Genoa to the west
Venice to the east Florence inland on the Arno River |
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What was Florence's economy based on?
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Wool, leather, and silk trade
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