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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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RHÔNE VALLEY
location, landscape |
- LOCATION: southeast France between Alps to east and Massif Central to west
- LANDSCAPE: Rhône River serves as moderating influence. best vineyards closest to the water |
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LE MISTRAL
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super high winds
- important, especially prevalent in Southern Rhône |
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Rhône quality levels
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- no official AOP-sanctioned cru system
- some producers like to use the term "cru" for their best wines - CÔTES DU RHÔNE: regional wines - CÔTES DU RHÔNE-VILLAGES: village wines |
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Rhône Valley subregions
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Northern Rhône
Southern Rhône |
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NORTHERN RHÔNE
grapes, climate, viticultural practices, winemaking practices |
- RED GRAPES: syrah
- WHITE GRAPES: viognier, marsanne, roussane - CLIMATE: continental; hot summers, cool autumns, cold winters; rainfall substantial but not always predictable - VITICULTURAL PRACTICES: vines protected from high winds w/ four--stake support system - WINEMAKING: red and white wines, also, syrah is sometimes blended w/ white grapes |
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NORTHERN RHÔNE
landscape, soil |
- LANDSCAPE: best vineyards on narrow, rocky terraces on steep slopes that loom over Rhône River
- SOIL: shallow granite and slate soil |
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NORTHERN RHÔNE
red wine tasting notes |
SMOKED MEAT**, gamy, white pepper, incense, forest, leather, black plums, blackberries, blueberries
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NORTHERN RHÔNE
winemaking practices |
- traditional methods
- stems included w/ grapes during fermentation to affect wine's flavor and increase tannin |
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Northern Rhône appellations/communes
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Condrieu
Château-Grillet Côte-Rôtie St-Joseph Hermitage Crozes-Hermitage Cornas Brézéme St-Péray Clairette de Die |
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CONDRIEU
landscape, grapes, winemaking |
- LANDSCAPE: steep, terraced, granitic hillsides
- GRAPES: viognier only - WINEMAKING: cool, stainless steel fermentation (some makers barrel-ferment) |
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CHÂTEAU-GRILLET
location, grapes, soil, landscape |
- single estate appellation
- LOCATION: lies completely within Condrieu - GRAPES: viognier only - SOIL: high level of mica in the soil, which is loose, fine, crumbled granite - LANDSCAPE: steep, south-southeast-facing incline |
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Southern Rhône generic appellations
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Côtes-du-Rhône
Côtes du Rhône-Villages |
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Côtes-du-Rhône
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- broad range of red/white grapes
- appellation covers northern and southern Rhône, but majority are southern wines - négociants/cooperatives - carbonic maceration - by law, minimum 40% grenache in southern wines |
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Côtes du Rhône-Villages
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- more stringent regulations concerning grape types (9 grapes allowed), lower yields, higher levels of sugar/ripeness at harvest
- by law, 50% grenache and 20% syrah or mourvedre for red wines |
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Southern Rhône appellations/villages
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Grignan-Les Adhemar
Côtes du Vivarais Côtes du Ventoux Côtes du Lubéron Costiéres de Nîmes Vinsobres Rasteau Gigondas Beaumes-des-Venise Vacqueyras Chateauneuf-du-Pape Lirac Tavel |
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GRIGNAN-LES ADHEMAR
location, grapes, wines |
- formerly known as Coteaux du Tricastin (name changed in 2011 due to nuclear plant of same name that turned away potential buyers of wines)
- LOCATION: located just below town of Montelimar on eastern banks of Rhône - RED GRAPES: blend of grenache, syrah, mourvedre, cinsaut, carignan - WHITE GRAPES: blend of viognier, marsanne, roussanne - RED/ROSÉ WINES: min. 10% grenache and syrah, w/ max 80% cinsault, mourvedre, and/or carignan. - WHITE WINES: blends. max. 60% of any one variety in blend |
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CÔTES DU VIVARAIS
location, grapes, wines |
- LOCATION: across river from Grignan-Les Adhemar (Tricastin), on western banks of Rhône
- RED GRAPES: grenache, syrah, carignan, cinsault - WHITE GRAPES: clairette, grenache blanc, marsanne - WINES: mostly red, also rosé and white - RED WINES: min. 30% grenache, min. 40% syrah, max. 10% carignan |
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CÔTES DU VENTOUX
location, soil, grapes, landscape |
- LOCATION: lies directly east of city of Avignon
- SOIL: limestone soil - GRAPES: grenache, syrah, mourvedre, cinsault, carignan - LANDSCAPE: plantings high on Mont Ventoux, protected from mistral - around 80% of wines from cooperatives |
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CÔTES DU LUBÉRON
location, soil, wines, grapes |
- LOCATION: south of Côtes du Ventoux
- SOIL: limestone throughout valleys of Montagne du Lubéron - WINES: reds, whites, rosés - RED GRAPES: grenache, syrah - WHITE GRAPES: ugni blanc, clairette, bourboulenc |
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COSTIÈRES DE NÎMES
location, wines, grapes |
- LOCATION: in southwest corner of Côtes du Rhône
- WINES: 80% is red, rosés also made - GRAPES: grenache, syrah, mourvedre, cinsaut |
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VINSOBRES
wines |
mostly grenache-syrah-mourvedre blends
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RASTEAU
wines |
- two distinctly different wines made here:
- CÔTES DU RHÔNE-VILLAGES: reds and whites - VINS DOUX NATURELS: grenache, fortified w/ high-alcohol grape spirit (brandy) to arrest fermentation before all sugar is converted. usually about 21% alcohol. wines usually aged in small oak casks in open daylight (rancio effect) |
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GIGONDAS
location, soil |
- LOCATION: south of Rasteau at foothils of Dentelles de Montmirail (limestone-rich mountains)
- SOIL: - on lower, flatter vineyards: rich, red clay w/ alluvial silts - in foothills: gravelly, marly mix - on slopes: limestone |
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GIGONDAS
winemaking laws |
- by law, reds must be max. 80% grenache, min. 15% syrah and/or mourvedre
- remaining is often cinsaut but may be any other red Rhône grape except carignan |
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BEAUMES-DE-VENISE
wines |
- one of 16 superior Côtes-du-Rhône-Villages appellations
- WINES: fortified sweet wine from muscat à petits grains, also red dry wines |
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VACQUEYRAS
location, soil, grapes |
- LOCATION: just south of Gigondas
- SOIL: stony - GRAPES: grenache (min. 50%), syrah, mourvedre, cinsault |
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CHATEAUNEUF-DU-PAPE
climate, soil, landscape |
- most famous appellation in Southern Rhône
- CLIMATE: very hot, strong mistral winds - SOIL and LANDSCAPE: heat-retentive stones (galets), some fist-sized, some as big as boulders, covering deposits of iron-rich, reddish clay mixed with alluvial sand and gravel. limestone escarpment in northern section for white grapes |
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CHATEAUNEUF-DU-PAPE
grapes |
- RED: *grenache, syrah, mourvedre, cinsaut, counoise, muscardin, vaccarése, picpoul noir, terret noir
- WHITE: *clairette, *grenache blanc, bourbelenc, roussanne, picpoul gris, picardan |
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CHATEAUNEUF-DU-PAPE
wine styles |
1. tradtionally fermented wine mixed with carbonic maceration wine: lighter, fruit-forward version that's drinkable from 2 to 6 years after the vintage
2. vins de garde: high alcohol level, ages much longer * chaptalization illegal |
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CHATEAUNEUF-DU-PAPE
labeling |
only those estates that both grow and bottle their own wine are entitled to emboss the bottle with the coat of arms of the papal seal of crossed keys
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CHATEAUNEUF-DU-PAPE
best estates |
Beaucastel
Beaurenard (Cuvée Boisrenard) Henri Bonneau Benoit (La Truffière) Bosquet des Papes (Chantemerle & Cuvée Grenache) Les Cailloux Chapoutier (Barbe Rac) Clos du Mont-Olivet Clos des Papes Font de Michelle (Cuvée Etienne Gonnet) La Gardine La Janesse (Chaupin & Vieilles Vignes) Marcoux La Mordorée (Cuvee de la Reine de Bois) La Nerthe (Cuvée des Cadettes) Pegau Roger Sabon Vaudieu (Cuvée Préférence) Le Vieux Donjon Vieux Télégraphe |
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LIRAC
location, wines, grapes |
- LOCATION: west of Chateauneuf-du-Pape and across the Rhone River
- WINES: white, red and rosé wine blends - RED GRAPES: grenache, syrah, mourvedre and cinsaut - WHITE GRAPES: clairette, bourboulenc, grenache blanc, viognier, marsanne, roussanne |
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TAVEL
location, wines, grapes, winemaking |
- LOCATION: just to the south of Lirac
- WINES: rosés only - GRAPES: grenache and cinsaut - by law, wines cannot be made by blending white and red wines. must be made directly from red grapes, either by pre-fermentation maceration or by saignage |
