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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Syntax |
the arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language. |
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Diction |
the writer's or the speaker's distinctive vocabulary choices and style of expression in a poem or story. |
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Epistrophe |
the repetition of a word at the end of successive clauses or sentences. |
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Anaphora |
the repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses. |
It's a bird. It's a plane! It's an _ _ _ |
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Compound sentence |
2 independent clauses |
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Periodic sentence |
has the main clause or predicate at the end |
Close to the period |
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Cumulative sentence |
in which the main idea (independent clause) is elaborated by the successive addition of modifying clauses or phrases. |
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Juxtaposition/ antithesis |
the fact of two things being seen or placed close together with contrasting effect |
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Elliptical sentence |
is a shorter form of sentence which some words have been omitted, but it retains the same meaning |
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Ethos |
appeal to ethics |
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Pathos |
a quality that evokes pity or sadness |
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Logos |
Appeal to logic |
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Paradox |
a statement or proposition that, despite sound (or apparently sound) reasoning from acceptable premises, leads to a conclusion that seems senseless, logically unacceptable, or self-contradictory |
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Polysyndeton |
in which several coordinating conjunctions are used in succession in order to achieve an artistic effect |
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Asyndeton |
the omission or absence of a conjunction between parts of a sentence. |
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Synesthesia |
the production of a sense impression relating to one sense or part of the body by stimulation of another sense or part of the body |
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Non sequitur |
a conclusion or statement that does not logically follow from the previous argument or statement. |
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Synecdoche |
a figure of speech in which a part is made to represent the whole or vice versa, as in Cleveland won by six runs (meaning “Cleveland's baseball team”). |
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Dramatic irony |
occurs when the audience knows something the characters do not. Because of this understanding, the words of the characters take on a different meaning. |
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Situational irony |
occurs when incongruity appears between expectations of something to happen, and what actually happens instead. |
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Verbal irony |
What is said is the opposite of what is meant. |
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Metonymy |
the substitution of the name of an attribute or adjunct for that of the thing meant, for example suit for business executive, or the track for horse racing. |
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Litany |
a tedious recital or repetitive series |
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Apostrophe |
device is when a speaker breaks off from addressing one party and instead addresses a third party. |
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Catch 22 |
Get a job for experience but to have experience one must have a job |
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Satire |
the use of humor, irony, exaggeration, or ridicule to expose and criticize people's stupidity or vices, particularly in the context of contemporary politics and other topical issues. |
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Parody |
an imitation of the style of a particular writer, artist, or genre with deliberate exaggeration for comic effect. |
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Ad hoc fallacy |
Making stuff up to try and prove a very wrong claim |
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Ad hominem |
directed against a person rather than the position they are maintaining. |
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Aphorism |
a pithy observation that contains a general truth, such as, “if it ain't broke, don't fix it.” |
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Malapropism |
the mistaken use of a word in place of a similar-sounding one, often with unintentionally amusing effect, as in, for example, “dance a flamingo ” (instead of flamenco ). |
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Syllogism |
an instance of a form of reasoning in which a conclusion is drawn (whether validly or not) from two given or assumed propositions (premises), each of which shares a term with the conclusion, and shares a common or middle term not present in the conclusion (e.g., all dogs are animals; all animals have four legs; therefore all dogs have four legs ). |
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Chiasmus |
is the figure of speech in which two or more clauses are related to each other through a reversal of structures in order to make a larger point; that is, the clauses display inverted parallelism. |
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Litotes |
ironical understatement in which an affirmative is expressed by the negative of its contrary (e.g., you won't be sorry, meaning you'll be glad ). |
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Motif |
a distinctive feature or dominant idea in an artistic or literary composition. |
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