Rhetoric

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Anadiplosis

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beginning a phrase with the ending of a previous phrase: "Forthwith his former state and being forgets, / Forgets both joy and grief, pleasure and pain." (Milton, Paradise Lost)

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Anaphora

Back 2

Repetition of the same word or words at the beginning of consecutive syntactic units

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Anastrophe

Back 3

turning natural word order around: “To her I gave it.”

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Antanaclasis

Back 4

repeating a word, but in a different sense: "And thrice threefold the gates

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Antimetabole

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repeating a phrase in the opposite order: “The Sabbath was made for man, not man for the Sabbath.” (Jesus Christ)

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Antithesis

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opposition, or contrast of ideas or words in a balanced or parallel construction.( Brutus: Not that I loved Caesar less, but that I loved Rome more. Shakespeare, Julius Caesar)

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Alliteration

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Repetition of the consonant sounds in the beginning of a series of words

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Archaisms

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words used in the past which now date a piece of writing. eg. thee, thou, shalt etc.

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Assonance

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Repetition of a vowel syllable within a series of words (ex. Deep Sea)

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Asyndeton

Back 10

The omission of a conjunction from a list

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Climax

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arrangement of words, phrases, or clauses in an order of ascending power. Often the last emphatic word in one phrase or clause is repeated as the first emphatic word of the next.

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Colloquialism

Back 12

a word or phrase used in speech but not dignified in formal writing or speech. eg. 'cop' for policeman.

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Conceit

Back 13

a far fetched comparison

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Encomium

Back 14

warm or glorious praise

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Epanalepsis

Back 15

beginning and ending a line with the same word: “Cry, and all the world will cry.”

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Epistrophe

Back 16

repeating the same word or phrase at the end of two or more clauses or lines

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Ellipsis

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obviously leaving out a word

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Hyperbole

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exaggeration for emphasis or for rhetorical effect.

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Isocolon

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repeating words and sounds in phrases the same length: "Under so many frigid, so many frozen seas…”

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Litotes

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understatement: “Hitler didn’t love the Jewish people.”

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Malapropism

Back 21

mistakenly replacing one word with another that sounds similar but means something different. It was named for Mrs. Malaprop in Sheridan's The Rivals and used by Dogberry in Shakespeare's Much Ado About Nothing

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Metonymy

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A figure of speech in which the name of one object is replaced by another which is closely associated (The President with the White House, Westminster for Parliament, ect.)

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Onomatopoeia

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use of words to imitate natural sounds, accommodation of sound to sense.

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Oxymoron

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two words juxtaposed that are opposite: "kind tyrants"

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Parison

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repeating words in grammatically parallel phrases: "Thou art my father, thou my author, thou..." (Milton, Paradise Lost)

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Paradox

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a seeming contradiction that is really true

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Periphrasis

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wordily going around a subject:

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Pathos

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feeling of sympathy aroused by literature

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Polyptoton

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repeating words from the same root: ". . . Which tempted our attempt, and wrought our fall. . . " (Milton, Paradise Lost)

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Polysyndeton

Back 30

The use of multiple conjunctions, usually where they are not strictly necessary

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Synecdoche

Back 31

using the part for the whole, as in "lend a hand"