Review Book Questions Part 2

Front 1

Fluid and electrolyte imbalances with DKA

Back 1

Hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, hyperosmolality

Front 2

Characteristics of syndrome X

Back 2

obesity, hypertension, abnormal lipid profiles

Front 3

Common first symptom in women with DM II

Back 3

recurrent vaginitis

Front 4

Action of Sulfonylureas

Back 4

stimulate the pancreas to release more insulin

Front 5

Acarbose(Precose) and Miglitol (Glyset) is what class of antidiabetic drug

Back 5

Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors

Front 6

Avandia and Actos is which class of antidiabetic drugs

Back 6

Thiazolidinediones

Front 7

Action of thiazolidinediones

Back 7

decrease gluconeogenesis

Front 8

Action of prandin

Back 8

mimics the effect of rapidly acting insulin

Front 9

Effect of HHNK on serum osmolality

Back 9

Elevated >310

Front 10

T3 is more commonly affected in which disorder

Back 10

hyperthyroidism

Front 11

Preferred choice for visualizing Grave;s opththalmopathy

Back 11

MRI of the orbits

Front 12

Action of Lugol's solution

Back 12

reduces the vascularity of the thyroid gland

Front 13

Patients with subacute thyroiditis is best treated symptomatically with

Back 13

Propanolol

Front 14

Disorder which commonly affects T4 levels.

Back 14

Hypothyroidism

Front 15

Complication of rapid lowering of Sodium

Back 15

cerebral edema

Front 16

Diagnostics test used to confirm and localize tumor of the adrenal glands

Back 16

MRI and CT

Front 17

1 unit of blood effect on hemaglobin and hematocrit.

Back 17

Raises Hgb by 1 and Hct by 3%

Front 18

Normal urine sodium

Back 18

10-20

Front 19

Type of hypernatremia that usually occurs with HHNK

Back 19

Hypertonic

Front 20

Electrolyte disorder that occurs with hypokalemia

Back 20

alkalosis

Front 21

Electrolyte disorder that occurs with hyperkalemia

Back 21

acidosis

Front 22

Elements that maintain calcium levels.

Back 22

Vitamin D, parathyroid hormone and calcitonin

Front 23

Acidemia effect on ionized calcium

Back 23

increases

Front 24

Alkalemia effect on ionized calcium

Back 24

decreases

Front 25

Common causes of hypocalcemia

Back 25

hypoparathyroidism, hypomagnesemia, pancreatisis, renal failure, severe trauma, and multiple blood transfusions

Front 26

Management for acute hypocalcemia

Back 26

IV calcium chloride or gluconate

Front 27

Key management for chronic hypocalcemia

Back 27

Vitamin D, aluminum hydroxide

Front 28

Common causes of hypercalcemia

Back 28

hyperparathyroidism, hyperthyroidism, Vit. D intoxication, prolonged immobilization

Front 29

Treatment of emergency hypercalcemia

Back 29

NS infusion with loop diurectics

Front 30

Management for bite wounds of the hands or lower extremities

Back 30

Leave open

Front 31

Management for bite wounds older than 6 hours

Back 31

leave open to heal by secondary intention

Front 32

Symptoms of acute transplant rejection

Back 32

failure of the organ, flu-like symptoms

Front 33

Intervention for acute transplant rejection

Back 33

immediate biopsy

Front 34

Skin cancer that is premalignant and can progress to squamous cell carcinoma

Back 34

Actinic Keratoses

Front 35

Common physical findings of actinic keratoses.

Back 35

small patches, flesh colored, feels like sandpaper

Front 36

Common treatment for Actinic keratoses

Back 36

liquid nitrogen, fluorouracil cream, masoprocol cream

Front 37

Skin cancer that occurs subsequent to prolonged sun exposure on exposed parts in fair skinned individuals who sunburn easily

Back 37

Squamous cell carcinoma

Front 38

Physical examination findings of squamous cell carcinoma

Back 38

firm irregular papule or nodule, keratitic, scaly bleeding and friable surfaces, nodules can ulcerate

Front 39

Definitive diagnosis for squamous cell carcinoma

Back 39

Biopsy

Front 40

Preferred treatment for squamous cell carcinoma

Back 40

surgical excision

Front 41

Skin condition that is considered a benign lesion, common in the elderly and does not require treatment

Back 41

seborrheic keratosis

Front 42

Physical exam findings of seborrheic keratosis

Back 42

Beige brown or black plaques, "stuck" appearance

Front 43

Most common skin cancer

Back 43

Basal cell carcinoma

Front 44

Common age group for basal cell carcinoma

Back 44

60-70

Front 45

Common area for basal cell carcinoma

Back 45

Face

Front 46

Objective findings of basal cell carcinoma

Back 46

Slowing growing lesion, waxy appearance, central depression or rolled edge, may have telangiectatic vessels visible

Front 47

Definitive diagnosis for basal cell carcinoma

Back 47

Shave or punch biopsy

Front 48

Preferred treatment for basal cell carcinoma

Back 48

Surgical incision

Front 49

Skin cancer with the highest mortality rate

Back 49

malignant melanoma

Front 50

Skin cancer involved in the youngest age group

Back 50

malignant melanoma

Front 51

Subjective findings of malignant melanoma

Back 51

rapid or indolent growth, probable bleeding of lesion

Front 52

Preferred management of malignant melanoma

Back 52

surgical excision

Front 53

Valvular dysfunction that produces a murmur that radiates to the base or left axilla

Back 53

mitral regurgitation

Front 54

Valvular dysfunction that produces a murmur that usually radiates to the neck

Back 54

aortic stenosis

Front 55

Ideal position for a patient with pulmonary edema

Back 55

sitting or semi fowler's

Front 56

Criteria for diagnosis of hypertension

Back 56

3 times on two different occasions

Front 57

Common type of headache involved with severe hypertension

Back 57

suboccipital pulsating headache, occuring early in the morning and resolving throughout the day

Front 58

Complication of long term nipride use

Back 58

cyanide toxicity

Front 59

Alternate to nipride for patients with renal insufficiency

Back 59

Fenoldopam (Corlopam)

Front 60

Common blood pressure medication for Printzmetal's angina

Back 60

Calcium channel blocker

Front 61

Significance of Levine's sign

Back 61

"clenched fist sign" involved with angina

Front 62

Indications for pharmologic revascularization

Back 62

Unrelieved CP(>30 mins and < 6 hours) with ST segment elevation in 2 or more contiguous leads

Front 63

Venous thrombosis characterized by a sudden onset of pain

Back 63

superficial

Front 64

Chronic venous insufficiency is most common in which gender

Back 64

women

Front 65

Serology of Hepatitis B that shows the first evidence infection

Back 65

HBsAg

Front 66

Characteristics of people with a higher incidence of diverticulitis

Back 66

Women and those with a low fiber diet

Front 67

Most common causes of bowel obstruction

Back 67

adhesions and tumors

Front 68

Diagnostic test that establishes diagnosis of ulcerative colitis

Back 68

sigmoidoscopy

Front 69

Appendicitis is most common among which age group?

Back 69

Men of 18-30 years

Front 70

Key elements that may indicated the need for dialysis

Back 70

Azotemia, electrolyte imbalance, intoxication, oliguria, uremia

Front 71

Most common neoplasm between 20 and 40 years

Back 71

Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma

Front 72

Usual presentation of Hodgkin's disease

Back 72

Cervical adenopathy which spreads in a predictable fashion along lymph node groups

Front 73

Lab values that indicate hypofibrinogenemia

Back 73

<170

Front 74

Lab values that indicate increased fibrin degredation products

Back 74

>45

Front 75

Lab values that indicate prolonged PT

Back 75

>19 seconds

Front 76

Lab values that indicate prolonged PTT

Back 76

>42 seconds

Front 77

Medicare part D covers;

Back 77

prescritption drugs

Front 78

Common vision problem with TIA.

Back 78

ipsilateral monocular blindness (amaurosis fugax)

Front 79

Common factors that increase ICP in CVA

Back 79

hypotension, hypercapnia, hypoxia

Front 80

Normal MAP values.

Back 80

70-85

Front 81

Level MAP must be maintained at to treat cerebral vasopasm

Back 81

110-130

Front 82

Type of seizure that is common in children and begins and ends suddenly

Back 82

Absence(petite mal)

Front 83

Standard of care of seizures

Back 83

Diazepam

Front 84

Predominant age for Myasthenia Gravis

Back 84

20-40 years

Front 85

Differentiating sign that distinguishes pneumonia from bronchitis

Back 85

lung consolidation

Front 86

Site for emergency needle thoracostomy

Back 86

2nd ICS, MCL

Front 87

Site for chest tube placement

Back 87

4th or 5th ICS MCL

Front 88

The leading cause of in hospital death.

Back 88

Pulmonary embolus

Front 89

Non pharmological management of SLE

Back 89

bed rest, midafternoon naps, avoidance of fatigue, sun protectgion

Front 90

Age indicated for glaucoma screening

Back 90

40

Front 91

Earliest sign of hypovolemic shock

Back 91

oliguria