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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Opening Para (1/4) |
•substantial amount of research in modern criminology •concerning imprisonment and if it work in preventive recidivism rates |
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Opening Para (2/4) |
•Ministry of Justice (2018) prison is a place of punishment that aims to: -protect the public -punish prisoners through depriving them of their liberty and certain freedoms -rehabilitate through reflection and responsibilities |
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Opening (3/4) |
However... •crime rates in E+W highest in Europe Continue to rise today (Sturge, 2018) |
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Second Para (1/5) |
Garland (1990) •argues punishment is a complex concept |
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Second para (2/5) |
•punitive rationale underscores prison and its way of undermining humanitarian attempts to bring about personal transformation Scott and Gosling, 2016 |
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2nd Para, (3/5) |
•number of programmes that work alongside the CJS aims in reducing reoffending rates |
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2nd Para (4/5) |
•RJP introduces in UK in the late 1900s and is sometimes used alongside punitive measures to establish justice Newborn, 2013 |
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2nd Para (5/5) |
•RJP covers a wide range of programmes that focus on the communication of victims, offenders within communities with an end goal of facilitating harm |
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Third para (1/4) |
•many theories have been developed over the years attempting to explain why individuals commit crime and continue to do so prior to their prison release |
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Third para (2/4) |
•Eysenck personality theory •personality individuals were determined through both: genetics and Social constructs |
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Third para (3/4) |
Suggests that offenders personality will influence perception |
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Third para (4/4) |
Eysenck theory and RJP can be conflicting: •RJP have potential to improve social aspects -way they view society (influence approach to life in society abiding by laws and restorative values •genetically problematic; scores of criminality related to combinations of extra versions (self esteem and psychoticism) •perceive negative: increases irritability =overall pessimistic view of life •RJP core principles do not address why the offender committed crime in first place (root of problem) |
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Third para (4/4) |
Eysenck theory and RJP can be conflicting: •RJP have potential to improve social aspects -way they view society (influence approach to life in society abiding by laws and restorative values •genetically problematic; scores of criminality related to combinations of extra versions (self esteem and psychoticism) •perceive negative: increases irritability =overall pessimistic view of life •RJP core principles do not address why the offender committed crime in first place (root of problem) |
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Fourth P (1/6) Desistance Theory |
•desistance paradigm focuses on how changes have been established previously |
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Fourth P (2/6) |
Previous Criminological research successful way in reducing rates; •analysing the individuals characteristics and the best way of implementing personal change (McNeil, 2006) |
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Fourth P (2/6) |
Previous Criminological research successful way in reducing rates; •analysing the individuals characteristics and the best way of implementing personal change (McNeil, 2006) |
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Fourth P (3/4) |
Research suggests that self-identity important concept to consider |
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Fourth P (2/6) |
Previous Criminological research successful way in reducing rates; •analysing the individuals characteristics and the best way of implementing personal change (McNeil, 2006) |
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Fourth P (3/4) |
Research suggests that self-identity important concept to consider |
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Forth (4/6) |
psychological perspective; important for offender to develop pro-social identity Develop control and having that control to be able to make future decisions (understand consequences of behaviour |
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Fourth p (5/6) |
Research; Offenders who participated in RJP more likely to adopt a pro-social identity as the problems between victims and offender are addressed (Horan, 2015) |
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Fourth p (5/6) |
Research; Offenders who participated in RJP more likely to adopt a pro-social identity as the problems between victims and offender are addressed (Horan, 2015) |
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Fourth P (6/6) |
Horan (2015) Measured psychology of desistance; found that ya dressing the harm caused reoffending rates improved |
