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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Where is the Soufrière Hills volcano? |
A small island called Montserrat in the Caribbean Sea |
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When did the Soufrière Hills volcano erupt? |
June 25th 1997 but small eruptions started in July 1995 |
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How many people were killed? |
19 |
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Size of eruption |
Large |
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How much gas and rocks were released? |
4-5million metres cubed |
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What type of plate margin is Montserrat above? |
A destructive plate margin |
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How & Which destructive plates formed the volcano? |
The Atlantic plate is being forced under the Caribbean plate |
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After the Atlantic & Caribbean plates collided how was the Soufrière Hills volcano formed? |
•Magma rose up through weak points under the Soufrière Hills forming an underground pool of magma •The rock above the pool collapsed, opening a vent and causing the eruption |
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Primary impacts: how much volcanic material was there? |
12m of mud & ash buried the capital city Plymouth Volcanic material covered large areas |
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Primary impacts: how much destruction was caused by pyroclastic flows? |
Over 20 villages and two thirds of homes on the island were destroyed by it |
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What are pyroclastic flows? |
Fast-moving clouds of super-heated gas and ash |
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Primary impacts: which buildings were destroyed? |
Schools, hospitals, the airport and the port |
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Primary impacts: which land types were destroyed? |
Vegetation and farmland |
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Primary impacts: how many died and were injured? |
19 people died 7 were injured |
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Secondary impacts: what did fires do? |
Destroy many buildings, including: •government offices •the police headquarters •the town's central petrol station |
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Secondary impacts: how was the economy disrupted? |
•tourists stayed away •businesses were destroyed |
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Secondary impacts: how was there a population decline? |
8,000 of the islands 12,000 inhabitants have left since the eruptions began in 1996 |
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Secondary impacts: benefits of the eruption? |
• Volcanic ash from the eruption has improved soil fertility • tourism on the island is now increasing as people come to see the volcano |
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Immediate responses: what was done to prevent more people dying? |
• people evacuated from the south to safe areas in the north • shelters built to house evacuees |
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Immediate responses: how was transport and communications improved? |
Temporary infrastructure was also built e.g. Roads and electricity supplies |
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Immediate responses: how did the UK help? |
By providing £17million of emergency aid (Montserrat's an overseas territory of the U.K.) |
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Immediate responses: how did local emergency services help? |
Provided support units to search for and rescue survivors |
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Long-term responses: how are safety measures still in place? |
• A risk map was created & an exclusion zone is in place. the south of the island is off-limits while the volcano is still active |
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Long-term responses: how has the uk helped in development? |
It has provided £41million to develop the north of the island - new docks, an airport, and houses |
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Long-term responses: what has been done to try & predict future eruptions? |
the Montserrat Volcano Observatory has been set up |
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Which type of volcano is the Soufrière Hills? |
Composite cone |
