Rest Of Exam 1 For Parasitolgy

Front 1

Trichuris Vulpis

Back 1

dog whipworm

Front 2

trichuris serrata

Back 2

cats whipworm rare in North America

Front 3

where are whipworms found

Back 3

cecum and colon

Front 4

what do the adult whipworms feed on

Back 4

blood

Front 5

shape of anterior end of whipworm

Back 5

thin, lash of the whip

Front 6

shape of posterior end of whipworm

Back 6

thicker, handle of whip

Front 7

How are whipworms transmitted

Back 7

ingestion of larvated eggs

Front 8

Are the whipworm eggs larvated when passed through the feces

Back 8

No they have to hang out in the environment a bit in order for the larvae to develop to an infective stage inside the eggs

Front 9

how often do adult whipworm release eggs

Back 9

around every three days

Front 10

how long can whipworm eggs persist in the environment.

Back 10

months to years

Front 11

where do whipworm eggs last the longest

Back 11

moist, shady areas

Front 12

Pre patent period for whipworm

Back 12

10 to 13 weeks

Front 13

Is whipworm a direct life cycle

Back 13

Yes simple life cycle animal just needs to in jest infective eggs

Front 14

Is whipworm zoonotic

Back 14

no

Front 15

Is there evidence of transplacental or transmammary transmission in whipworm

Back 15

no

Front 16

clinical signs of whip worms

Back 16

asymptomatic, diarrhea, anemia, weight loss in extreme cases, mucus in stool. also clinical signs can occur before pre patent period is complete

Front 17

how do we detect whipworm

Back 17

ova on fecal float

Front 18

what does whipworm egg look like

Back 18

footballs with bipolar end caps

Front 19

Do eggs of whipworm float well

Back 19

no

Front 20

what is the density of whipworm egg

Back 20

1.15

Front 21

Are whipworms common in cats

Back 21

no

Front 22

post treatment monitoring for whipworm

Back 22

ideally check in 3 to 4 weeks for eggs after a "successful treatment"

Front 23

does heartworm prevention help prevent whipworm?

Back 23

Yes

Front 24

Capillaria

Back 24

a genus of parasites

Front 25

3 main types of capillaria

Back 25

eucoleus, Aonchotheca, not common, pearsonema

Front 26

Eucoleus

Back 26

associated with airways

Front 27

Eucoleus aerophilus

Back 27

dogs and cats, bronchi and trachea

Front 28

Eucoleus boehmi

Back 28

dogs, nasal cavity and sinuses

Front 29

How can animal get eucoleus

Back 29

ingestion of ova from feces and contact with mucoid discharge

Front 30

what do adults of eucoleus create in their host

Back 30

inflammatory response

Front 31

pre patent period of eucoleus

Back 31

approximately 5 to 6 weeks

Front 32

life cycle of eucoleus direct or undirect

Back 32

direct

Front 33

eucoleus detection?

Back 33

fecal float

Front 34

eucoleus eggs look like what other type of eggs

Back 34

Trichuris, whipworm

Front 35

how can you tell the difference between eucoleus eggs and trichuris eggs

Back 35

end caps on eucoleus are offset when line is put down middle of egg

Front 36

eucoleus aerophilus clinical signs

Back 36

asymptomatic, coughing, nodules in lungs

Front 37

eucoleus boehmi clinical signs

Back 37

asymptomatic, sneezing, mucopurulent nasal discharge potentially containing blood, chronic rhinitis

Front 38

is eucoleus zoonotic

Back 38

no

Front 39

pearsonema adult location

Back 39

associated with bladder

Front 40

pearsonema plica

Back 40

dogs and cats

Front 41

what area in the usa do we find pearsonema

Back 41

southeastern

Front 42

what animal do we usually find pearsonema in

Back 42

dog

Front 43

pre patent period of pearsonema

Back 43

2 to 3 months

Front 44

pearsonema indirect or direct life cycle

Back 44

indirect

Front 45

what animal is the intermediate host for pearsonema

Back 45

earthworm

Front 46

Is pearsonema zoonotic

Back 46

no

Front 47

pearsonema detecting infection

Back 47

eggs in fecal float and urine. only in feces if contaminated by urine

Front 48

pearsonema eggs can be confused with those of

Back 48

trichuris

Front 49

how can we tell the difference between trichuris eggs and pearsonema eggs

Back 49

pearsonema eggs have flattened end plugs

Front 50

clinical signs of pearsonema

Back 50

asymptomatic, urinary tract inflammation

Front 51

Pearsonema always need treatment?

Back 51

No infections may resolve on their own within 10 to 12 weeks

Front 52

Dioctophyma renale

Back 52

giant kidney worm

Front 53

how big can giant kidney worm grow

Back 53

1 meter long

Front 54

what kidney does kidney worm infect and what animal

Back 54

right kidney of dogs

Front 55

pre patent period of kidney worm

Back 55

18 weeks

Front 56

kidney worm direct or indirect life cycle

Back 56

indirect

Front 57

what animal is the intermediate host for kidney worm

Back 57

earthworm or aquatic worm

Front 58

what animal can be a transport host for kidney worm

Back 58

fish or frog

Front 59

where can the kidney worm end up

Back 59

stomach won't grow up

Front 60

clinical signs of kidney worm

Back 60

asymptomatic, other kidney compensates for loss of function, lumbar pain, blood in urine

Front 61

treatment of kidney worm

Back 61

surgical removal of infected kidney

Front 62

Is kidney worm zoonotic

Back 62

no

Front 63

Stongyloides stercoralis

Back 63

threadworms

Front 64

stongyloides tumiefaciens

Back 64

threadworms

Front 65

who can threadworm infect

Back 65

dogs cats and humans

Front 66

Are threadworms zoonotic

Back 66

yes!!!!

Front 67

where do threadworms live

Back 67

small intestines

Front 68

can you find free living threadworms

Back 68

yes

Front 69

what gender is parasitic form of threadworms

Back 69

only female

Front 70

what gender is the free living threadworms

Back 70

both male and female

Front 71

how do free living threadworms reproduce and what do there offspring do

Back 71

They reproduce sexually and the female offspring will be infective larvae that go on to live a parasitic life

Front 72

pre patent period of threadworms

Back 72

1 to 2 weeks

Front 73

route of transmission of threadworms

Back 73

L3 can penetrate the skin, transmammary is also a major role

Front 74

threadworms life cycle direct or indirect

Back 74

direct

Front 75

clinical signs of threadworms

Back 75

moderate to severe diarrhea in puppies, older healthy animals asymptomatic, pneumonia and lung changes in puppies as larvae break out of lung tissue

Front 76

what can threadworm larvae do in host tissues

Back 76

hibernate

Front 77

how do we detect threadworms

Back 77

fecal float or Baermann technique

Front 78

Do we find eggs or larvae usually with threadworms

Back 78

larva

Front 79

treatment for threadworms

Back 79

need a drug that will kill larvae embedded in deeper tissues.

Front 80

post treatment of threadworms

Back 80

feces should be examined monthly for at least 6 months after the end of apparently successful treatment

Front 81

where can threadworm survive

Back 81

They can survive in harsh environments

Front 82

Is threadworms zoonotic

Back 82

yes

Front 83

what group of people are most at risk for threadworm infection

Back 83

immune compromised

Front 84

Ancylostoma caninum

Back 84

dog

Front 85

ancylostoma tubaeforme

Back 85

cats

Front 86

uncinaria stenocephala

Back 86

dogs and cats but of little clinical concern

Front 87

where are ancylostoma species most common

Back 87

North America

Front 88

where is uncinaria most common

Back 88

Northern region of usa

Front 89

hookworms are a bigger problem in what animal

Back 89

dogs

Front 90

what does hookworm eat a lot of

Back 90

blood

Front 91

where do they attach themselves

Back 91

small intestines

Front 92

what do hookworms produce to help them feed

Back 92

anticoagulant which prevents the animals blood from clotting

Front 93

does the bite site still bleed when the worm changes area

Back 93

Yes

Front 94

pre patent period

Back 94

dogs 2 weeks cats 3 weeks

Front 95

clinical signs of hookworms

Back 95

diarrhea or constipation, dark, tarry stools, loss of condition, poor appetite, coughing, pale mucous membranes (anemia), sudden death (young animals)

Front 96

route of infection hookworms

Back 96

ingestion, through skin, transmammary, transplacental

Front 97

Do hookworms make a lot of eggs or a little

Back 97

a lot

Front 98

egg shape

Back 98

thin walled and oval, small

Front 99

Do the eggs embryonate quick once passed out and how fast or slow?

Back 99

fast and as early as 48 hours in worm weather

Front 100

can both cats and dogs pass hookworms through transplacental and transmammary

Back 100

No only dogs

Front 101

which is more popular way for dogs to get hookworms, transmammary or transplacental

Back 101

transmammary

Front 102

what is the follow up for hookworms

Back 102

need to analyze fecal sample to ensure all of egg producing adults were killed by the anthelmintics evaluate environment if re infection keeps reoccurring

Front 103

Are hookworms zoonotic

Back 103

yes

Front 104

what is the name of the disease in humans caused by hookworms

Back 104

cutaneous larva migrans

Front 105

what are the symptoms of cutaneous larva migrans

Back 105

twisting reddened raised and very itchy skin lesions.

Front 106

what happens to the larvae if it infects a human

Back 106

it usually dies and is absorbs by human within weeks to a month

Front 107

what species usually causes cutaneous larva migrans

Back 107

ancylostoma brazilliense

Front 108

how many scenarios are humans usually infected by hookworms

Back 108

3

Front 109

what is the first scenario human is infected with hookworms

Back 109

human goes barefoot in contaminated area, Sandy areas

Front 110

second scenario where humans get hookworms

Back 110

Beach goers who walk on the beach

Front 111

the third scenario of how hookworms infect humans

Back 111

people who work in crawl spaces.

Front 112

Cestoda

Back 112

class tapeworms belong too

Front 113

Eucestoda

Back 113

true tapeworms

Front 114

cotyloda

Back 114

false tapeworms

Front 115

tapeworms are they zoonotic

Back 115

yes

Front 116

general shape of tapeworms

Back 116

long, flattened and ribbon like

Front 117

where are tapeworms found

Back 117

small intestines

Front 118

in true tapeworms what is used to attach the tapeworm to the small intestines

Back 118

scolex

Front 119

Is the scolex a feeding organ

Back 119

no

Front 120

does the true tapeworm have a mouth

Back 120

no

Front 121

how do true tapeworms get there nutrition

Back 121

by absorbing it through their body wall

Front 122

what are the tapeworms body wall called

Back 122

tegument

Front 123

what is the body after the neck of a tapeworm called

Back 123

steobila

Front 124

what are the segments strung together called in the tapeworm

Back 124

proglottid

Front 125

which proglottid are the youngest

Back 125

the ones by the neck

Front 126

does each proglottid contain male and female reproductive parts

Back 126

Yes

Front 127

what is the term for an organism that has both reproductive organs

Back 127

hermaphrodite

Front 128

where can the proglottids be seen

Back 128

animals stool or hair

Front 129

can the proglottids move

Back 129

Yes they have muscles

Front 130

what do the proglottids look like dried out

Back 130

grains of rice

Front 131

the true tapeworm segments contain what?

Back 131

embryonated eggs

Front 132

true tapeworms have indirect or direct life cycle

Back 132

indirect

Front 133

in false tapeworms what is the two slit like organelles called

Back 133

bothria

Front 134

who has a more difficult life cycle true or false tapeworms

Back 134

false

Front 135

what two animals are an intermediate host for false tapeworms

Back 135

copepod and fish

Front 136

dipylidium caninum

Back 136

true tapeworm

Front 137

dipylidium caninum infects what animal

Back 137

dogs and cats

Front 138

what is the intermediate host for dipylidium caninum

Back 138

the flea

Front 139

pre patent period for dipylidium caninum

Back 139

2 to 3 weeks

Front 140

what is the infective stage called with dipylidium caninum

Back 140

cysticerciod

Front 141

how many eggs are in the proglottids

Back 141

20 to 30

Front 142

what do the egg packets of dipylidium caninum look like

Back 142

a group of grapes

Front 143

Is dipylidium caninum zoonotic

Back 143

Yes

Front 144

detecting dipylidium

Back 144

squash prep to release the egg packets from proglottid and examine them under microscope

Front 145

prevention of dipylidium

Back 145

get rid of fleas

Front 146

taenia pisformis

Back 146

infect dogs true tapeworms

Front 147

Taenia taeniaeformis

Back 147

true tapeworms, infect cats

Front 148

taenia pisformis intermediate host

Back 148

rabbit

Front 149

taenia taeniaeformis intermediate host

Back 149

rats or mice

Front 150

Are the taenia species zoonotic

Back 150

yes

Front 151

pre patent period of taenia

Back 151

1 to 2 months

Front 152

what can taenia pisformis cause I'm the small intestines

Back 152

can occur in sufficient numbers to cause intestinal obstruction

Front 153

what will the eggs of taenia pisformis passed out in

Back 153

proglottids

Front 154

taenia taeniaeformis are found where

Back 154

small intestines

Front 155

where can we find the eggs of taenia taeniaeformis

Back 155

proglottids

Front 156

in taenia taeniaeformis where and what animal is the infective stage in

Back 156

liver of the rodents

Front 157

Is taenia zoonotic

Back 157

yes

Front 158

why do we care about the species of the tapeworm

Back 158

the route of infection is very different and to stop re infection need to know who intermediate host is

Front 159

Echinococcus

Back 159

tapeworm infect cats and dogs

Front 160

echinococcus zoonotic?

Back 160

yes!!!!!!

Front 161

what does echinococcus cause in humans

Back 161

hydatid disease

Front 162

pre patent period in echinococcus

Back 162

1 to 2 months

Front 163

who can be the intermediate hosts for echinococcus

Back 163

ruminants, rats mice or humans

Front 164

how many proglottids do echinococcus have

Back 164

3

Front 165

Are there proglottids in the feces

Back 165

No just eggs

Front 166

when are the eggs of echinococcus infective in humans

Back 166

immediately after they pass

Front 167

how do you tell the difference between taenia eggs and echinococcus eggs

Back 167

taenia found in proglottids, echinococcus found free living

Front 168

what does echinococcus form in the intermediate host and where does it form

Back 168

cyst typically in the liver or lungs

Front 169

will drug treatment kill the cyst form of echinococcus

Back 169

not usually, sometimes have to surgically remove it

Front 170

diphyllobothrium

Back 170

false tapeworms

Front 171

how many intermediate host do diphyllobothrium have

Back 171

2

Front 172

what are the intermediate host in diphyllobothrium

Back 172

crustacean and a fish

Front 173

what does diphyllobothrium absorb from the adults

Back 173

vitamin b12

Front 174

what is severe vitamin b12 anemia called

Back 174

pernicious anemia

Front 175

what else other then anemia does diphyllobothrium cause

Back 175

intestinal obstruction

Front 176

what is different with diphyllobothrium proglottids then true tapeworms

Back 176

They release eggs until the proglottids are empty and then they are expelled empty

Front 177

what does the eggs off diphyllobothrium look like

Back 177

Oval and has a protrusion at the end of one end of the Oval shell

Front 178

Is diphyllobothrium zoonotic

Back 178

yes

Front 179

how can humans get diphyllobothrium

Back 179

eating undercooked fish

Front 180

aelurostrongylus abstrusus

Back 180

cat lungworm

Front 181

filaroides osleri and hirthi

Back 181

dog lungworm

Front 182

where is aelurostrongylus abstrusus found

Back 182

bronchiolus and lung parenchyma

Front 183

Do we actually know 100% the life cycle of feline lungworm

Back 183

no

Front 184

Is the life cycle of feline lungworm direct or indirect

Back 184

indirect

Front 185

Is there any transplacental or transmammary or zoonotic potential for feline lungworm

Back 185

no

Front 186

pre patent period of feline lungworm

Back 186

4 weeks

Front 187

how do we detect feline lungworm

Back 187

fecal float but will see larva not eggs. the Baermann technique is better. can also see larvae in the mucus that is coughed up

Front 188

what does the feline lungworm larvae look like

Back 188

tail with distinctive s shape bend and a dorsal spine

Front 189

clinical signs of feline lungworm

Back 189

coughing, difficulty breathing, increased respiratory rate, may also be asymptomatic

Front 190

what else can feline lungworm look like

Back 190

feline asthma

Front 191

what is the true intermediate host of feline lungworm

Back 191

mollusk

Front 192

where do the eggs hatch in feline lungworm

Back 192

in the lungs