Rest And Sleep Nur111 Lecture

Front 1

sleep is necessary in order to?

Back 1

cope with daily stress, prevent fatigue, conserve energy, restore mind and body, enjoy life more fully, heal damaged tissue, vital for functioning

Hint 1

why do you need sleep?

Front 2

chronic sleep loss can lead to what?

Back 2

obesity, depression, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, heart attack, stroke

Front 3

physiology of sleep?

Back 3

recticular activating system (RAS) and the bulbar synchronize region work together to control the cycles of sleep.

Front 4

when does wakefulness occur?

Back 4

when RAS is activated with stimuli from the cerebral cortex and the peripheral sensory organs

Front 5

what is the hypothalamus?

Back 5

has control centers for sleeping and waking, injury to it may cause a person to sleep abnormally long

Hint 5

it's apart of the brain

Front 6

what is GABA?

Back 6

Gamma-aminobutyric acid appears to be necessary for inhibition

Front 7

A circadian rhythm?

Back 7

rhythmic biological clock that completes full cycle every 24 hours

Front 8

what are the two types of circadian rhythms?

Back 8

synchronization and desynchronization

Front 9

circadian synchronization?

Back 9

when a person sleep wake cycle follow inner biological clock

Hint 9

an alarm clock in your head

Front 10

circadian desynchronization?

Back 10

occurs when wake patterns are frequently altered

Front 11

what is the regulating mechanism?

Back 11

persons inner biological clock

Front 12

high vs. low activity patterns

Back 12

high: most active and awake
low: when asleep

Front 13

two types of sleep?

Back 13

NREM AND REM

Front 14

what is NREM and it's stages?

Back 14

non rapid eye movement
75% of total sleep
stage I (5%): light
stage II (50%): light
stage III (10%): deep (delta)
stagr IV (10%): deep, threshold is greatest

Front 15

what does REM sleep do?

Back 15

consumes 20-25% of total sleep, more difficult to arouse, HR, RR, BP, temp, and metabolic rate increase, essential for mental and emotional equilibrium, role In learning, memory, and adaptation

Front 16

what is REM rebound?

Back 16

allows total amount of REM sleep to remain constant

Front 17

the sleep cycle?

Back 17

4-5 cycles of sleep each night, each lasts 90-100 minutes, alternates between REM and NREM during these cycles, become longer as morning approaches

Front 18

how many hours should birth to infants sleep?

Back 18

14 to 16 hours with 2-3 naps

Front 19

toddlers?

Back 19

12 hours with less naps

Front 20

adolescent?

Back 20

9-10 hours

Front 21

young and middle aged adults?

Back 21

7-9 hours

Front 22

older adults?

Back 22

6-8.5 with daytime naps accounting for some of those hours

Front 23

nursing implications of newborn and infants

Back 23

teach parents to position infants on back, encourage ro have baby sleep in seperate area, caution about pillows, quilts, stuffed animals, may pose suffocation risk

Hint 23

what should parents do?

Front 24

toddlers and preschooler?

Back 24

toddlers: establish regular bedtime routine and sleeping pattern
preschooler: continue bedtime routine, waking from nightmares is common

Front 25

school age?

Back 25

relaxed bedtime is essential, concept of awareness of death possibly occurs at this age, sleep needs increase when physical growth peaks

Front 26

adolescent?

Back 26

most don't get enough sleep, stress of school ane activities, employment may decrease sleep

Front 27

young adults

Back 27

average about 20% rem sleep, lifestyle demands may interfere with sleep, reinforce good habits has positive effect on health, sleep medication decrease rem sleep and are habit forming

Front 28

middle age adults

Back 28

total sleep time decreases with a decrease in stage IV sleep

Front 29

how is sleep like in older adults?

Back 29

sound with less or absent stage 4, need more time to fall asleep, rem is shorter, may nap during day which results in fewer sleep at night, illness affects sleep patterns, use sedatives with caution

Front 30

IMPORTANT:
what are factors that affect sleep?

Back 30

motivation, culture, lifestyle and habits, physical activity and excersize, dietary habit, environment factors, psychological factors, illness, medications

Front 31

what is a good dietary habit to have before bed?

Back 31

small protein and carb snack is recommended to promote sleep

Hint 31

alcohol is bad

Front 32

what are drugs that reduce sleep?

Back 32

barbiturates, acetaminophen, antidepressants, steroids, decongestive, caffeine, asthma meds

Hint 32

stimulates

Front 33

illnesses associated with sleep disturbances?

Back 33

peptic ulcers, coronary artery disease, epilepsy, liver failure, hypothyroidism

Front 34

common sleep disorders?

Back 34

dyssomnias and parasomnias

Front 35

what is dyssomnia?

Back 35

insomnia or excessive sleepiness

Hint 35

word parts

Front 36

what is parasomnias?

Back 36

patterns of waking behavior that appear during sleep

Front 37

types of dyssomnias?

Back 37

insomnia, hypersomnia, narcolepsy, sleep apnea, RLS, sleep deprivation

Front 38

insomnia?

Back 38

difficult falling asleep or staying asleep

Hint 38

if you're in nursing school, you have this or will eventually

Front 39

hypersomnia?

Back 39

excessive sleep

Hint 39

word parts! !!!!

Front 40

narcolepsy?

Back 40

uncontrolled desire to sleep

Hint 40

this is the funny one like fainting goats

Front 41

sleep apnea?

Back 41

absence of breathing during sleep

Hint 41

word part!

Front 42

rls?

Back 42

restless leg syndrome, can't lie still, tingling in legs

Front 43

sleep deprivation?

Back 43

decrease in amount, consistency, or quality of sleep

Front 44

why is insomnia important?

Back 44

most common sleep disorder, ppl over age 60 and women after menopause and ppl with history of depression will most likely have it, they report feeling tired, lethargic, irritable

Front 45

acute vs. chronic insomnia

Back 45

acute: <4 weeks
chronic: > 4-6 weeks

Front 46

what are health conditions associated with insomnia?

Back 46

type II diabetes, psychiatric and cardiovascular disorders

Front 47

what is OSA?

Back 47

obstructive sleep apnea, occurs when structures of pharynx or oral cavity back flow of air

Front 48

what are the two other sleep apnea?

Back 48

central and mixed

Front 49

central sleep apnea does what?

Back 49

defect in the respiratory center jn the brain that fails to trigger breathing during sleep

Front 50

what does mixed apnea do?

Back 50

combo of central and obstructive

Front 51

types of graphs for the brain?

Back 51

electroencephalograph (EEG), electrooculogram (EOG), electromyograph (EMG)

Front 52

EEG?

Back 52

recieves and records electrical current from brain

Front 53

EOG?

Back 53

records eye movement

Front 54

EMG

Back 54

records muscle tone

Front 55

example of parasomnias

Back 55

somnabulism (sleepwalking), night terrors (screaming upon awakening due to perceived threat), bruxism (grinding of teeth), enuresis (urinating during sleep)

Hint 55

you can chip your teeth

Front 56

what does the focused interview consist of in the nursing process for sleep?

Back 56

sleep diary, physical assessment, snoring, nature of sleep disturbance, onset, causes, severity, symptoms, intervention attempted and results

Front 57

what does the sleep diary consist of?

Back 57

record of time went (or tried) to sleep, record of food, drink, medication affecting sleep, record of physical and mental activities, record of activities preformed 2-3 hrs before bedtime, presence of worries or anxieties affecting sleep

Front 58

nursing interventions?

Back 58

prepare a restful environment, promote bedtime rituals, offer appropriate bedtime snacks, promote comfort, respect normal sleep patterns, schedule nurse care to avoid unnecessary disturbances, use medications to produce sleep, teach about rest and sleep

Front 59

IMPORTANT:
what is sleep hygiene?

Back 59

nonpharmacologic recommendation that help ppl get better night sleep

Front 60

IMPORTANT:
what should you do for sleep hygiene?

Back 60

restrict intake of caffeine, nicotine, ETOH, avoid activities after 5, avoid naps, eat light meal before bed, sleep in cool, dark room, eliminate bedroom clock, take warm bath, keep sleep environment quiet, may start sleep diary, avoid naps and early bedtime

Front 61

IMPORTANT:
example of sedative hypnotic medications used for insomnia?

Back 61

lorazepam (ativan), temazepam (restoril), zolpidem (ambien), eszopidone (lunesta)

Hint 61

butterfly!