Imported: Respiratorytest2_Ragosta_Final Lectures

Front 1

young maternal age, smoking in the house, substance abuse in the house, and low socioeconomical status...more likely to be seen in black males...what are these risk factors for?

Back 1

SIDS: sudden infant death syndrome

btw 2-4 months age

Front 2

if you suspect SIDS, what do you need to do?

Back 2

full autopsy

Front 3

parents say they found their child mostly lifeless and blue, with a bloody nose...what could they possibly have?

Back 3

SIDS

Front 4

what can be a MAJOR cause of apnea in children? mechanism?

Back 4

RSV

stretch of J receptor = STOP BREATHING !!!!
o J receptor is a nerve ending that tells the lungs to stop stretching (stop inhalation)

Front 5

what are J receptors, and what can stop their effectiveness?

Back 5

J receptor is a nerve ending that tells the lungs to stop stretching (stop inhalation)

can be stopped by RSV-->apnea

Front 6

what is the therapy option for children that have conditions that effect respiration and respiratory drive?

Back 6

“Back to Bed” – have children sleep on their BACKS

Front 7

how do babies want to breathe?

Back 7

they are OBLIGATE NOSE BREATHERS...

baby can even undergo arrest if they have a snotty nose or some obstruction..RSV can cause this

Front 8

child comes in has nightmares, low grades, don't sleep well, and wake up with headaches...what is likely going on? Treatment?

Back 8

• They are HYPOVENTILATING during sleep; CNS effects from Low O₂ brain perfusion

• Take their tonsils out; check for brainstem problems (Chiari Malformation)

Front 9

pt has not had any symptoms for years, but now on chest xray it looks like a lymphoma is there... the pt now has airway compression (raspy respirations..) what do they have?

Back 9

o Bronchogenic Cyst

Can push on Mainstem Bronchi & cause Pneumonia

Front 10

If problems @ inspiration and expiration, think of an ____???

starred and bolded

Back 10

anatomic anomaly or deformity

Front 11

what is Osler Weber Rendu?

Back 11

hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia of nose, mouth, colon, brain, lung

will have low O2 sats

Front 12

pt has ball valve effect (where air goes into lungs, but none comes out) and the lung becomes over extended and pushes ESOPHAGUS & HEART to opposite side... what is this?

Back 12

Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation

Front 13

this is a primary hypoplasia that is assosiated with an abnormality of the mesoderm... what is this and what will it lead to??

**

Back 13

Prune Belly Syndrome

leads to renal insufficiency

Front 14

• Pulmonary hypoplasia AND kidney disease = ?

**

Back 14

Prune Belly Syndrome

Front 15

the prognosis of a congenital diaphragmatic hernia is dependent on what?

Back 15

when it occurred

Front 16

what is the most likely site of occurrence for a congenital diaphragmatic hernia?

Back 16

Foramen of Bochdalek: posterior (most likely site of occurrence)

Front 17

baby looks skinny with scaphoid belly and is in respiratory distress..what do they have?

Back 17

Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia

Front 18

what causes peritonsilar abscesses? (2)

Back 18

strep and anaerobic infections

Front 19

pt has a terribly sore throat, to the point where they wont even swallow, but the tonsils have NO PUS. the Lymph nodes can become necrotic and fill with pus. What do they have?

Back 19

Retropharyngeal abscess

Front 20

What causes epiglottitis?

Back 20

H. Influenza B

Front 21

pt is sick, febrile, drooling, having trouble breathing, positive thumb sign...what do they have? what should you do?

Back 21

Epiglottitis

get them to the OR

Front 22

Croup + High spiking fever =?

Back 22

Bacterial tracheitis

• Staph/strep/Hflu cause SECONDARY BACTERIAL INFECTION

Front 23

a boy presents to the office with sudden onset of cough, wheezing, cyanosis, and "WOB"...what sohould you be thinking?

Back 23

Foreign Body

Front 24

if you didn't know if you had pneumonia or a foreign body, what could help you distinguish?

Back 24

Foreign Body - Heart is pulled TOWARDS side of ASPIRATION
Diaphragm is UP on side of ASPIRATION

vs.

Pneumonia- Heart & Diaphragm are PUSHED AWAY bc of excess fluid, pus

Front 25

where is a web in the airway? what about cleft?

Back 25

Web: develops bt false vocal cords

Cleft – malformation of Posterior Arytenoids

make a lot of noise, but NO true problem

Front 26

Most common life threatening genetic disorder in whites

Back 26

CF

Front 27

Partial upregulation of ____ may make HUGE clinical difference in CF

Back 27

CFTR

Front 28

CF screening yields many ____

Back 28

false positives

Front 29

gold standard for CF

Back 29

actually seeing what happens with a sweat chloride study

Front 30

Kid comes into your office w/ CHRONIC COUGH, APATHETIC, past Hx of SEVERAL INFECTIONS, & is SMALLER than other classmates...what do they have?

Back 30

CF

Front 31

if a child is suspected for CF, what 2 things should you do?

Back 31

Look at STOOL – check for malabsorption & order SWEAT TEST

Front 32

genetics for CF?

Back 32

Problem with long arm of chromosome 7 --> CF Transmembrane Regulator Protein (CFTR)

Front 33

what should you do for people with CF?

Back 33

keep them on antibiotics, even if not sick

note: o ASPERGILLUS is commonly associated w/ CF pts

Front 34

what are the possible exocrine and endocrine effects of CF?

Back 34

o exocrine-->90% of patients have no active Pancreatic enzymes
--Cannot Digest Fat = SMELLY, FROTHY, MALABSORBED STEATORRHEA

o endocrine-->10% of patients have diabetes mellitus

Front 35

90% of these pts cannot digest fat, and have smelly frothy malabsorbed steatorrhea...

Back 35

CF pts