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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Gastrointestinal tract
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Physical and chemical breakdown of food to acquire nutrients
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Muscular tongue
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Aid in manipulation of food during mastication
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Salivary glands
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Lubrication of food to assist in swallowing and secreting digestive enzymes to assist in chemical break down of food
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Parotid gland
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Secrets saliva into buccal cavity, facilitates mastication and swallowing
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Submandibular gland
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Secrets saliva (including enzymes) into buccal cavity to facilitate mastication and swallowing
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Esophagus
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Passage of food from the mouth to the stomach
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Stomach
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Storage/treatment center for food prior to entry into the intestine
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Small intestine
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Majority of chemical digestion occurs here
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Duodenum
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Breakdown of food in small intestine
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Jejunum
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Absorption of nutrients in small intestine
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Ileum
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Absorption of vitamin B12, bile slats, and nutrients not absorbed by the jejunum
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Colon
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Further treatment of foods that have resisted treatment thus far, facilitated by abundant intestinal flora
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Macrovilli and Microvilli
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Increase surface area in intestine for absorption of nutrients
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Liver
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Secretes bile into the intestinal track to aid digestion; also involved in the storage and processing of nutrients
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Gall bladder
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Stores and releases bile when food containing fat enters the digestive tract
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Pancreas
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Secrets digestive enzymes, insulin, and glucagon
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Kidney
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Filters nitrogenous waste products (urea or uric acid) from the blood and maintains body fluid homeostasis by regulating water and sodium balance
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Thyroid gland
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Secretes several hormones involved in regulation of metabolism
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Thymus gland
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Lymphatic organ that is essential in immune response
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Greater omentum (mesentery)
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Fat storage and immunity
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Mandibular lymph nodes
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Contain lymphocytes that collect and destroy bacteria and viruses
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Spleen
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Controls red blood cell homeostasis through their storage and destruction
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Epiglottis
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Guards the trachea from the entry of food particles
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Trachea
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passage of air
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Cartilaginous rings
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prevent airways from collapsing
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Larynx
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Sound production (houses true and false vocal chords)
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Glottis
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Involved in sound production
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Lung
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Gas exchange; absorbs oxygen and expels carbon dioxide
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Diaphragm
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Increases and decreases volume of pleural cavity
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Heart
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Pumps blood through blood vessels to the lungs and body
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