Respiratory System

Front 1

parietal pleura

Back 1

outer layer nearest to the ribs

Front 2

Visceral pleura

Back 2

inner layer closest to the lung

Front 3

external respiration

Back 3

process of inspiration and expiration

Front 4

expiration (exhalation)

Back 4

breathing out

Front 5

inspiration (inhaling)

Back 5

breathing in

Front 6

internal respiration

Back 6

exchange of gases between blood and cells

Front 7

ventilation

Back 7

distribution of gas into and out of the lungs

Front 8

dyspnea

Back 8

labored or difficult breathing

Front 9

apnea

Back 9

temporary absence of breathing

Front 10

orthopnea

Back 10

difficultly breathing while laying down

Front 11

Eupnea

Back 11

normal respiration (12-16 breaths per min)

Front 12

bradypnea

Back 12

slow respirations

Front 13

tachypnea

Back 13

rapid respirations (>25 breathes per min)

Front 14

hyperpnea

Back 14

breathing that is deeper than normal

Front 15

hyperventilation

Back 15

increased aeration of the lungs

Front 16

hypoxia

Back 16

less than normal oxygen

Front 17

anoxia

Back 17

absence of oxygen

Front 18

alveol/o

Back 18

alveolus, air sac

Front 19

bronchi/o, bronch/o

Back 19

bronchus, bronchial tube

Front 20

bronchiol/o

Back 20

bronchiole, small broncus

Front 21

capn/o

Back 21

carbon dioxide

Front 22

cost/o

Back 22

rib

Front 23

epiglott/o

Back 23

epiglottis

Front 24

laryng/o

Back 24

layrnx, voice box

Front 25

lob/o

Back 25

lobe of the lung

Front 26

mediastin/o

Back 26

mediastinum

Front 27

muc/o

Back 27

mucus

Front 28

nas/o, rhin/o

Back 28

nose

Front 29

orth/o

Back 29

straight, upright

Front 30

ox/o

Back 30

oxygen

Front 31

pector/o

Back 31

chest

Front 32

pharyng/o

Back 32

pharynx

Front 33

phon/o

Back 33

voice

Front 34

phren/o

Back 34

pleura

Front 35

pneum/o, pneumon/o

Back 35

lung, air

Front 36

pulmon/o

Back 36

lung

Front 37

rhin/o

Back 37

nose

Front 38

sinus/o

Back 38

sinus, cavity

Front 39

spir/o

Back 39

breathing

Front 40

tel/o

Back 40

complete

Front 41

thorac/o

Back 41

chest

Front 42

tonsill/o

Back 42

tonsils

Front 43

trache/o

Back 43

trachea, windpipe

Front 44

em-

Back 44

in

Front 45

eu-

Back 45

good, normal

Front 46

hypo-

Back 46

below, deficient

Front 47

pan-

Back 47

all

Front 48

tachy-

Back 48

fast

Front 49

-ema

Back 49

condition

Front 50

-osmia

Back 50

smell

Front 51

-pnea

Back 51

breathing

Front 52

-ptysis

Back 52

spitting

Front 53

-sphyxia

Back 53

pulse

Front 54

-thorax

Back 54

pleural cavity, chest

Front 55

rales (crackles)

Back 55

popping or clicking sounds; indicates fluid in alveoli

Front 56

rhonchi

Back 56

rumbling sounds; indicates bronchi obstructed by sputum

Front 57

sputum

Back 57

material expelled from bronchi, lungs or upper respiratory tract

Front 58

pleural rub

Back 58

friction sounds in the lungs

Front 59

stridor

Back 59

whistling sound heard on inspiration caused by an obstruction in pharynx or larynx

Front 60

wheeze

Back 60

airy, whistling type sound, asthma, narrowed airway

Front 61

Croup

Back 61

acute viral infection characterized by obstruction of the larynx, cough and stridor

Front 62

Pertussis (whooping cough)

Back 62

Highly contagious inflammation of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi. coughing ends in loud "whoop" sound. hypoxia can occur in babies, leading to death

Front 63

asthma

Back 63

chronic bronchial inflammatory disorder with airway obstruction due to bronchial edema, constriction, and increased mucus production; treated with bronchodilators and anti-inflammatory agents

Front 64

Cystic Fibrosis

Back 64

inherited disorder of exocrine glands; affects the cells that produce mucus, sweat, and digestive juices. secretions plug up tubes, ducts, and passageways, especially in lungs

Front 65

Emphysema

Back 65

also known as COPD, air sacs in the lungs are destroyed, progressively short of breath. main cause is smoking

Front 66

Lung Cancer

Back 66

uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in one or both lungs. can be caused by cigarette smoke, breathing in asbestos fibers, and exposure to radon gas

Front 67

Pneumonia

Back 67

acute inflammation and infection of the alveoli, which fill with us or products of the inflammatory reaction. fluid filled lungs can be visualized on a chest x-ray or a CT

Front 68

bacterial pneumonia

Back 68

caused by a bacterial infection

Front 69

pneumococcal pneumonia

Back 69

form of pneumonia caused by the bacterial species Streptococcus pneumoniae

Front 70

bronchopneumonia

Back 70

infection of the smaller bronchial tubes of the lungs

Front 71

lobar pneumonia

Back 71

infection of the alveoli caused by fluid and pus filing an entire lobe of the lung

Front 72

nosocomial pneumonia

Back 72

hospital aquired

Front 73

aspriation

Back 73

caused by material such as food or vomitus getting lodged in bronchi or lungs

Front 74

pulmonary abcess

Back 74

collection of pus in the lungs, bacterial infection

Front 75

pulmonary edema

Back 75

air sacs and bronchioles fill with fluid

Front 76

pulmonary embolism

Back 76

clot or other material lodges in the lung, usually travels up from veins in the leg

Front 77

Atelectasis

Back 77

collapsed lung

Front 78

Tuberculosis (TB)

Back 78

infection caused by bacterium that attacks the lungs and is spread through the air from one person to another. Common signs are night sweats and hemoptysis

Front 79

mesthelioma

Back 79

malignant tumor in the pleura caused by asbestos exposure

Front 80

pneumothorax

Back 80

air in the pleural space, may fallow trauma or perforation of the chest wall. chest tube needed to remove air

Front 81

hypoxemia

Back 81

decreased level of oxygen in the blood

Front 82

hypoxia

Back 82

decreased level of oxygen in the tissue

Front 83

Acid-fast bacilli (ABF) smear

Back 83

test preformed on sputum for the presence of the bacteria that cause TB

Front 84

arterial blood gasses (ABG)

Back 84

test performed on arterial blood to determine O2 levels and CO2 levels. checks how well lungs are about to move O2 into the blood and CO2 out of the blood

Front 85

tuberculin test

Back 85

uses purified protein derivative (PPD) skin test used to determine if a patient has developed and immune response to the bacteria that causes TB

Front 86

radiography

Back 86

examination of any part of the body for diagnostic purposes by means of x-rays

Front 87

Chest radiograpy (CXR)

Back 87

radiographic image of the chest used to evaluate the lungs and heart

Front 88

Ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan

Back 88

blood test to access distribution of blood flow and ventilation though the lungs and to check for blood clots

Front 89

Positron Emmision Tomography (PET)

Back 89

radioactive glucose is injected, tumors have higher metabolic activity

Front 90

bronchoscopy

Back 90

endoscopic examination of the larynx and airways, used for diagnosis, biopsy and collection of specimens

Front 91

peak flow monitoring

Back 91

device that measures the rate of air flow through the airways and is a measure of how well your lungs are working

Front 92

polysomnography

Back 92

monitoring and recording normal and abnormal activity during sleep

Front 93

sleep apnea

Back 93

breathing blocked or partly blocked during sleep

Front 94

pulse oximetry

Back 94

measurement of the O2 saturation in the blood

Front 95

pulmonary function test (PFTs)

Back 95

group of tests that measure how well the lungs take in and release air and how well they moves gases

Front 96

thoracoscopy

Back 96

endoscopic exam of the thorax done through a small opening in the chest wall

Front 97

adeniodectomy

Back 97

excision of the adenoids

Front 98

laryngectomy

Back 98

excision of the larynx

Front 99

lobectomy

Back 99

excision of a lobe of the lung

Front 100

pneumonectomy

Back 100

excision of the lung

Front 101

tonsillectomy

Back 101

excision of one or both of the tonsils

Front 102

bronchoplasty

Back 102

surgical repair of the bronchus

Front 103

rhinoplasty

Back 103

surgical repair of the nose

Front 104

septoplasty

Back 104

surgical repair of the sinus

Front 105

tracheoplasty

Back 105

surgical repair of the trachea

Front 106

laryngotracheotomy

Back 106

incision of the larynx and trachea

Front 107

sinusotomy

Back 107

incision of the sinus

Front 108

thoracentesis

Back 108

surgical puncture to aspirate fluid from the chest cavity

Front 109

thoracotomy

Back 109

incision into the chest cavity

Front 110

tracheostomy

Back 110

creation of an artificial opening in the trachea

Front 111

tracheotomy

Back 111

incision of the trachea

Front 112

aspiration

Back 112

removal of accumulated fluid by suction

Front 113

cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)

Back 113

medical procedure to ventilate the lungs and artificially circulate blood

Front 114

continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy

Back 114

breathing apparatus that pumps constant pressurized air through the nasal passages via a mask

Front 115

endotracheal intubation

Back 115

tube inserted into the larynx and trachea to establish an airway fro breathing purposes

Front 116

hyperbaric medicine

Back 116

medicinal use of high barometric pressure to increase oxygen content of blood and tissues

Front 117

mechanical ventilation

Back 117

use of an automatic mechanical device to perform all or part of the work of breathing

Front 118

otorhinolaryngology

Back 118

medical specialty concerned with diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the ear, nose, and throat

Front 119

otorhinolaryngologist

Back 119

physician who specializes in otorhinolaryngology

Front 120

pulmonology

Back 120

medical specialty concerned with the diseases of the lung and respiratory tract

Front 121

pulmonologist

Back 121

physician who specializes in pulmonology