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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Job
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takes in oxygen and rids body of carbon dioxide and some water
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Reason
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Body needs oxygen to get energy from foods you eat. To do this, you must inhale (take in oxygen) and exhale (get rid of carbon dioxide and some water)
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Parts of Respiratory System
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nose, mouth, throat, trachea, larynx, bronchial tubes, alveoli (10), diaphragm, epiglottis
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Nose
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better of two openings because...
1. it has hair to help purify the air because these are covered with mucus 2. it helps to make the air warmer |
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Mouth
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the other opening that is better to use when we need more air and more quickly
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Pharynx (throat)
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opening to trachea
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Epiglottis
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needs to open to allow air in
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Trachea (air tube/wind pipe)
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tube that connects pharynx to lungs
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We inhale...
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21% oxygen
78% nitrogen 1% other gases (neon, argeon, zenon, etc.) |
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The more oxygen we get,...
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the faster we burn up food (metabolism), the faster we expire
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Air is...
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matter (heavy)
1in by 1in = 15lbs |
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Bronchi
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-at bottom of trachea, two air tubes called bronchi take oxygen into each lung
-bronchi get smaller and smaller called bronchioles until they end at lungs air sacs called alveoli -about 300 million of them |
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Alveoli
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-lungs air sacs
-where exchange is made; oxygen is placed in blood to be taken to all body cells and carbon dioxide is taken out of blood to be breathed out of body |
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Larynx (voice box)
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-contains vocal cords which are a pair of elastic type bands that stretch across larynx
-muscles control how far they are stretched -when air passes through larynx these vocal cords vibrate producing sound -the thinner they are, the faster they vibrate, producing high pitched sound -the thicker they are, the slower they vibrate, producing low pitched sound |
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Diaphragm
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-a domed shaped muscle beneath the lungs
-contracts when you breathe -moves down and expands the chest and allows air to fill lungs |
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Diffusion
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-when a substance moves from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
-oxygen diffuses into blood -carbon dioxide diffuses into alveolus |
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Common Cold
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-caused by about 200 different viruses
-no cure; only symptoms are treated -symptoms: runny nose, coughing, sneezing |
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Influenza (flu)
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-serious viral infection
-symptoms: fever, chills, headache, muscle aches, cough -can be life threatening to elderly & very young |
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Bronchitis
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-inflammation of bronchi caused by a virus
-symptoms: produces sputum, cough, fever, wheezing sound |
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Pneumonia
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-infection of bronchial tubes in which they fill with fluid
- can be caused by bacteria (usually), virus, or fungi -symptoms: fever, sweating, joint & muscle pain, headache, chest pain, coughing, breathlessness |
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Asthma
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-wheezing and breathlessness caused by constricted airways usually triggered by something such as an allergen (molds, pollens, animal dander, dust, food, drugs)
-sometimes no known cause -treatment: inhaled steroids or bronchiolar drugs to reopen airways |
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Emphysema
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-overstretched and ruptured alveoli usually caused by smoking
-no cure but quitting smoking slows progression |
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Lung Cancer
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-tumors (abnormal cells) form in lung
-87% caused by cigarette smoking -other causes: coal dust, asbestos, silica -symptoms: persistent cough & hoarseness, coughing up blood, wheezing, weight loss, chest pain |
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Laryngitis
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inflammation of the larynx caused by bacteria, virus, or overuse of vocal cords
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Cystic Fibrosis
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-mucus build up in the bronchial tubes that make breathing progressively difficult
-genetic disorder with no cure |
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Drug/Medicine
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-same thing
drug: abused |
