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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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blood form pulmonary capillaries going to left ventricle is high in _______ and low _______?
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high in O2 and low in Co2
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what happens in pulmonary capillaries
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O2 is put into blood w/c goes to left ventricle,
Co2 form right ventricle is put into alveolar space |
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what do systemic capillaries have
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they have high Co2 and low O2 b/c they dump their O2 content into metabolizing tissue
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a)what happen to the diaphragm when we inhale? exhale?
b) what happens to the thoracic cavity |
a)it contracts and gets smaller when we inhale and expands when we exhale
B) it expands during inhalation and contracts during exhalation |
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going from the mouth to the bottom of an airway, how many division are there? What happens to the size w/each division?
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23
it gets smaller in DM and length till we get to alveoli at the bottom of the airway |
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where does the gas exchange take place?
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it takes place at the in the alveoli and alveolar duct or the last 4 segments
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what are alveolar walls made up of?
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they are made up of capillaries, with alveolar space on both sides. the distance b/t the capillaries is really short so it allows for a lot of gas exchange
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what structure of the lung is air found in?
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alveolar space
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what does exchange refer to?
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it refers to the exchange of gases from alveolar space to the erythrocytes
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what cells are responsiblr for formation of surfactant?
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type 2 alveolar cells
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what is partial pressure of a gas (X)in a mixture of gases
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P= mole fraction of gas (X) X total pressure
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what 2 gases make up our environment and what are their partial pressures i at room temp settings
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O2 21% and N 79%make up our atmosphere.
Total Barometric P = 760 ATM partial P of O2= .21x760= 160 partial P of N2= .79X760= 600 |
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what gases make up our airways pressures? what are the partial pressures of each?
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O2,N2, and Water vapor
water Vapor P= 47 since total P is the sum of all 3> 760= O2+N2+47 713= O2+N2 use the same formula as room temp to figure out the rest |
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what does water vapor P depend on
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it depends solely on Temprature
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is the O2 P higher in the airways or in the Atmosphere
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it is higher in the atmosphere b/c in airways total pressure is 47 (due to water vapor P)less than normal
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how is partial pressure gas of in the fluid measured
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it is measured by the solubility coefficeint but the main idea is that gases in fluids move down partial pressure, until eq os reached
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what happens at equillibrium
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the amount of gas moving from alveolar space into blood=amount of gas from blood into the alveolar spacewhat ar
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how do you know that the exchanger you have is a good one
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an exchanger is good if the Partial P of expired O2 = Partial P int he blood, i.e P Alv O2= PaO2
A=alveolar a=arterial |
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what is the difference b/t A and A refer to
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it refers to how goos an exchanger is, if the difference is big, exchanger is no good
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what are the factors that determine what is a good exchanger
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1)area of contact b/t gas and blood compartments, bigger the area better it is
2) thickness of the membrane b/t the two, thinner the membrane better an exchnager 3)solubility of the gas in th membrane, more soluble it is better it is exchnaged 4) the conc'n gradient b/t the compartment, exchange is directly proportional to the conc'n if partial pressures b/t the gas and bllod compartments 5) matching, of gas and blood, both have to be delievered equally |
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what is matching
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its the most imp factor in determining a good exchanger, it is perfusion vs ventillation
ideal situation would be to completely match ventillation with perfusion |
