Respiratory Pharm

Front 1

Lipooxygenase Pathway

1)What product class is made?
2)Fxn of LTB4
3)Fxn of LTC4,D4,E4

Back 1

1) Leukotrienes
2)Chemotaxis and adhesion
3)Bronchoconstriction,vasoconstriction, vascular permeability

Front 2

Prostacyclin (PGI)

1)What enzyme made this?
2)What are the effects

Back 2

1) Cyclooxygenase

2) Decreases platelet aggregation, vascular tone, bronchial tone, and uterine tone (opposes TXA2)

Front 3

Prostaglandins (PGE, PGF)

1)What enzyme made this?
2)What are the effects?

Back 3

1) Cyclooxygenase

2) Increase uterine tone, decrease vascular tone, decrease bronchial tone, Induce Fever (PGE)

Front 4

Thromboxane (TXA2)

1)Where is this made?
2)What are the effects?

Back 4

1) Platelets make and release TXA2

2)Increase platelet aggregation, vascular tone, and bronchial tone

Front 5

1st Generation Histamine blockers- Diphenhydramine (benadryl), dimenhydrinate

1)MOA
2)Use
3)Toxicity

Back 5

1) Blocks all H1 receptors to prevent Mast Cells release of histamine

2)Allergy, Motion Sickness, Sleeping Aid

3) Anticholinergic (leads to excess Sympathetics)
Sedation (b/c excitatory paths in CNS are cholinergic)

Front 6

2nd Gen Antihistamines- Fexofenadine (Allegra), Loratadine, etc

1)MOA
2)Use
3)Toxicity

Back 6

1)More selective blockade of histamine receptors

2)Allergy

3)Far less sedation, but can't be mixed with macrolides (Torsades de Pointe)

Front 7

Asthma Treatment Strategy

Back 7

Beta Agonist (Specific and non-specific) to stimulate B2 and open airways
Methylxanthines to block cAMP breakdown -->bronchodilation

Muscarinic Blockade- prevent ACh from stimulating bronchoconstriction

Prevent Mast Cells from releasing leukotrienes and histamine

Complete inhibit synthesis of Inflammatory mediators, or specifically block leukotriene synthesis

Front 8

Beta Blockers for Asthma

1)Non-specific
2)Specific
3)Long Acting B2

Back 8

1) Iosproterenol but it causes side effect of tachycardia

2)Albuterol is B2 only, and is used as a rescue medication

3)Salmeterol- long term prophylaxis but side effets are tremor and arrhythmia

Front 9

Theophylline
1)MOA
2)Use
3)Toxicity

Back 9

1) Blocks Phosphodiesterase which breaks down the cAMP produced by B2 receptors --> prolongs bronchodilation

2)Asthma therapy

3)Narrow therapeutic index due to effect on heart and CNS

Front 10

Ipatropium
1)MOA
2)Use
3)Toxicity

Back 10

1) Blocks Muscarinic Receptors to prevent ACh causing bronchoconstriction

2) Asthma

Front 11

Cromolyn
1)MOA
2)Use

Back 11

1) Blocks release of histamine and leukotrienes from Mast Cells

2)Used in long term asthma control. Uneffective in acute asthma attack

Front 12

Corticosteroids- Beclomethasone, Prednisone
1)MOA
2)Use
3)Toxicity

Back 12

1) Inhibits Phospholipase A2 --> prevents synthesis of Prostglandins, Leukotrienes, and NK-KB (normally activates TNF-alpha). Net effect is decreased inflammation

2) 1st line long term treatment of asthma

3) Cushings

Front 13

Zileuton
1)MOA

Zarfirlukast, Montelukast
2)MOA

Back 13

1) Blocks 5-lipooxygenase to specifically inhibit Leukotriene synthesis

2) Blocks Leukotriene receptors