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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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most common cause of croup (laryngotracheobronchitis) in infants
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parainfluenza
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inspiratory stridor
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upper airway obstrxn
due to submucosal edema in trachea |
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"steeple sign" on AP xray
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croup / parainfluenza
(submucosal edema in trachea) |
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owl eye inclusions
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CMV pneumonitis - in immunocompromised
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koplik spots in mouth - precede onset of rash
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rubeola
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warthin - finkeldey multinucleated giant cells
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rubeola virus
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SARS
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LRT --> systemic respir infxn
masked palm civets --> humans --> humans dx: PCR or Ab |
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2nd most common cause of atypical pneumonia
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chlamydia pneumoniae
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infant with staccato cough, afebrile, conjunctivis & wheezing
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chlamydia trachomatis
newborn pneumonia contracted during passage through birth canal |
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atypical pneumonia common in adolescents and military recruits (closed spaces)
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mycoplasma pneumoniae
(most common atypical pneumonia) |
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cold agglutinins,
cold autoimmune hemolytic anemia due to anti-IgM Ab's = complications of... |
mycoplasma pneumoniae
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atypical pneumonia contracted by dairy farmers, vets (complications = myocarditis, granulomatous hepatitis)
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coxiella burnetii (q fever)
only rickettsia transmitted w/o a vector assoc w/ birthing of infected sheep/cattle/goats, & handling of milk/excrement |
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"typical" community aquired pneumonia sx
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rapid onset, productive cough, signs of consolidation
most common = strep pneumo (g + diplococcus, lancet shaped) |
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commonly superimposed on influenza pneumonia & measles pneumonia
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staph aureus
yellow sputum g + coccus in clumps (grape-like) |
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major lung pathogen in CF & IVDU;
assoc w/ hemorrhagic pulm edema, abscess formation, & intrapleural blebs (tension pneumatocysts) |
staph aureus
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shaggy gray membranes in oropharynx & trachea (pseudomembranous inflammation)
organism & pathophys? |
cornyebacterium diptheriae
toxin --| ADP ribosylation of EF2 (= --| protein synthesis) also inhibits B-oxid of FAs in heart |
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most common bacterial cause of COPD exacerbation
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Haemophilus influenzae
(G - rod) also common cause of sinusitis otitis media conjunctivitis |
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"thumprint sign" on lateral x-ray of neck
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due to swelling of epiglottis-
accompanied by inspiratory stridor can be due to H. influenzae |
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G - diplococcus
common cause of pneumonia in elderly 2nd most common cause of COPD exacerbation |
moraxella catarrhalis
common cause of chronic bronchitis sinusitis otitis media |
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G - rod
green sputum in pneumonia water-loving - often transmitted by respirators |
pseudomonas aeurginosa
most common cause of nosocomial pneumonia & death in CF |
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G - fat rods surr by mucoid capsule
most common cause of lobar pneumonia & typical pneumonia in nursing homes abscess formation common |
klebsiella pneumoniae
(common in alcoholics, but strep pneumo still most common) |
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pneumonia assoc w/ high fever, dry cough, flu-like sx
water-loving bacteria |
legionella pneumophila
G - rod (requires silver stain or IF to identify) may cause tubulointerstitial dz & JG apparatus destrxn |
