Respiratory Path

Front 1

Most common cause of disseminated TB in AIDS

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Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare

Front 2

Most common cause of intestinal tuberculosis in the United States

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Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Front 3

Pathogen that commonly produces lung abscesses and is a common secondary invader in the lung in patients with influenza

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Staphylococcus aureus

Front 4

Pathogen that is contracted when the newborn passes through the birth canal. It produces a pneumonia characterized an abrupt onset of tachypnea, staccato cough, wheezing, hyperaeration, eosinophilia and a conspicuous lack of fever. It is often associated with a conjunctivitis.

Back 4

Chlamydia trachomatis

Front 5

Coronavirus initially transmitted by palm civets in China and then by human contact. It is associated with a severe pneumonia often leading to death.

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SARS virus

Front 6

Childhood pathogen that may produce a pneumonia associated with Warthin-Finkeldey multinucleated giant cells. Staphylococcus aureus may complicate the pneumonia.

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Rubeola

Front 7

Water loving pathogen that is most commonly seen in men over 40-years-old who are smokers and in organ transplant patients. It produces a confluent bronchopneumonia, with high fever, non-productive cough, hemoptysis, and other systemic signs and symptoms. It commonly produces hyponatremia related to development of interstitial nephritis leading to hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism. The pathogen is best visualized with direct immunofluorescence or a silver stain:

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Legionella pneumophila

Front 8

Respiratory pathogen with a significant mortality in those over 55-years-old and who have underlying renal, cardiac or lung problems. It produces a severe, exudative pneumonia with a propensity for secondary bacterial invasion. There is an association with Reye’s syndrome in children that take aspirin.

Back 8

Influenza

Front 9

Respiratory pathogen that is transmitted without a vector, unlike other pathogens in its family group. It is primarily transmitted by inhalation by individuals who have an association with the birthing process in sheep, cows and goats or in those who work in the milk industry. It is particularly common in workers who shovel feces in sheep:

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Coxiella burnetii.

Front 10

Respiratory pathogen that is transmitted by direct hand to hand transfer of infected material and by respiratory droplet infection. Its main reservoir is school children. Development of a vaccine is highly unlikely:

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Rhinovirus

Front 11

Respiratory pathogen transmitted by droplet infection. It accounts for approximately 10% of community acquired atypical pneumonias and a smaller percentage of cases of bronchitis. Cold agglutinins are not associated with this pathogen. There is an association with coronary artery disease.

Back 11

Chlamydia pneumoniae (TWAR)

Front 12

Pathogen that is commonly contracted in military stations and in crowded situations. It produces an interstitial pneumonia and is often associated with erythema multiforme and bullous myringitis. It responds well to erythromycin.

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Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Front 13

Pathogen that is the second most common cause of acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis and a common pathogen causing otitis media and sinusitis.

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Moraxella catarrhalis

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Most common cause of death in patients with cystic fibrosis

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Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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Most common cause of pneumonia and bronchiolitis in infants

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Respiratory syncytial virus

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Most common cause of croup with inspiratory stridor. An anterior neck x-ray demonstrates a "steeple sign":

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Parainfluenza

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Most common cause of tension pneumothorax in children with cystic fibrosis

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Staphylococcus aureus

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Most common cause of inspiratory stridor in a child whose lateral neck x-ray demonstrates the "thumbprint" sign due to swelling of the epiglottis. Its incidence has decreased owing to the use of a vaccine:

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Hemophilus influenzae

Front 19

Most common cause of bronchopneumonia and lobar pneumonia in the general population:

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Streptococcus pneumoniae

Front 20

Pathogen that produces pseudomembranous that produces a toxin that inhibits elongation factor 2.

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Corynebacterium diphtheriae

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Caplan's Syndrome

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Silicosis
Asbestosis
CWP

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Cor pulmonale

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PH- accentuated P2
RVH- parasternal heave