Respiratory Histo- Nbde I

Front 1

Conducting portion of respiratory system?

Back 1

1. Nasal cavity/mouth
2. Pharynx/larynx
3. Trachea
4. Bronchi
5. Bronchioles

Front 2

Nasal cavity is separated into 2 chambers by?

Back 2

Nasal septum

Front 3

Nasal cavity communicates w/ nasopharynx via?

Back 3

Choanae

Front 4

What are the 3 histologic regions of the nasal cavity?

Back 4

1. Vestibule (area just inside nares)
2. Nasal cavity proper
3. Olfactory region

Front 5

What type of epithelium lines vestibule of nasal cavity?

Back 5

Stratified squamous keratinized epithelium

Front 6

Conducting portion of respiratory system?

Back 6

1. Nasal cavity/mouth
2. Pharynx/larynx
3. Trachea
4. Bronchi
5. Bronchioles

Front 7

Nasal cavity is separated into 2 chambers by?

Back 7

Nasal septum

Front 8

Nasal cavity communicates w/ nasopharynx via?

Back 8

Choanae

Front 9

What are the 3 histologic regions of the nasal cavity?

Back 9

1. Vestibule (area just inside nares)
2. Nasal cavity proper
3. Olfactory region

Front 10

What type of epithelium lines vestibule of nasal cavity?

Back 10

Stratified squamous keratinized epithelium

Front 11

Nasal cavity proper is lined w/ what type of epithelium?

Back 11

Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium w/ goblet cells

Front 12

What type of CT is found in the lamina propria of CT proper?

Back 12

Loose CT

Front 13

What structures are found in lamina propria of nasal cavity proper?

Back 13

-Arterial plexuses, venous sinuses
-Seromucous glands
-Lymphoid cells

Front 14

What type of lymphoid cells are present in lamina propria of nasal cavity proper? (3)

Back 14

1. Lymph nodules (B cells mainly)
2. Mast cells
3. Plasma cells --> produce:
-IgA
-IgE
-IgG

Front 15

Region in anterior part of nasal septum rich in arterial anastomoses & a site of frequent nosebleeds

Back 15

Kiesselbach's area

Front 16

Where is the oflactory region located in the nasal cavity?

Back 16

Roof of nasal cavity-- including upper part of nasal septum & superior concha

Front 17

Olfactory epithelium is composed of what type of cells?

Back 17

1. Olfactory cells
2. Sustentacular cells
3. Basal cells

Front 18

Why are cilia of olfactory cells nonmotile?

Back 18

Lack dynein arms

Front 19

What surrounds olfactory cells?

Back 19

UNMYELINATED-- surrounded by "olfactory sheating cells" (glial cells)

Front 20

What features do sustentacular cells of nasal cavity have?

Back 20

1. Columnar w/ microvilli
2. Secretory granules w/ yellow pigment
3. Junctional complexes w/ oflactory cells & other sustentacular cells

Front 21

What is the role of the sustentacular cells of nasal cavity?

Back 21

Physical support, nourishment & electrical insulation for olfactory cells

Front 22

What are the 2 types of basal cells present in the nasal cavity?

Back 22

1. Horizontal (flat) --> replace globose basal cells
2. Globose --> produce olfactory or sustentacular cells

Front 23

What type of CT does the lamina propria of the olfactory region?

Back 23

Irregular collagenous CT bound to periosteum

Front 24

Bowman's (olfactory) glands are found where?

Back 24

Lamina propria of olfactory region

Front 25

What type of glands are Bowman's glands?

Back 25

Serous glands-- Produce:
-IgA
-Lactoferrin
-Lysozyme
-Odorant-binding protein

Front 26

What type of epithelium is found in paranasal sinuses?

Back 26

Respiratory epithelium

Front 27

Paranasal sinuses have mucoperiosteal lining--- what does that mean?

Back 27

No submucosa --> lamina propria connects direty to periosteum

Front 28

Paranasal sinuses contain what type of glands in lamina propria?

Back 28

Seromucous glands

Front 29

Oropharynx is lined w/ what type of epithelium?

Back 29

Stratified squamous epithelium

Front 30

What type of epithelium lines the laryngopharynx?

Back 30

Stratified squamous epithelium

Front 31

Lamina propria of pharynx fuses w/?

Back 31

Epimysium of muscularis

Front 32

Muscularis layer contains?

Back 32

3 circular muscles & 3 longitudinal muscles

Front 33

What is found in the lamina propria of the vocal folds of the larynx?

Back 33

Vocalis muscle- skeletal muscle

Front 34

Wall of trachea is composed of what layers?

Back 34

1. Mucosa
2. Submucosa
3. Adventitia

Front 35

What type of cells are found in epithelium of trachea? (6)

Back 35

1. Goblet cells
2. Ciliated columnar cells
3. Basal cells
4. Brush cells
5. Serous cells
6. DNES cells

Front 36

What separates the lamina propria from submucosa in trachea?

Back 36

Elastic lamina

Front 37

What is present in lamina propria of trachea? (4)

Back 37

1. Elastic fibers
2. Type I collagen fibers
3. Lymphoid cells
4. Mucous & seromucus glands

Front 38

Hyaline cartilage C-rings are found in what layer of trachea?

Back 38

Adventitia

Front 39

What DECREASES when transitioning from trachea --> bronchi? (4)

Back 39

Trachea --> Bronchi -- DECREASE:
1. Cartilage
2. Glands
3. Goblet cells
4. Height of epithelial cells

Front 40

What INCREASES when transitioning from trachea --> bronchi? (2)

Back 40

Trachea --> Bronchi --INCREASE:
1. Smooth muscle
2. Elastic tissue

Front 41

How do the Primary (main) bronchi differ from the trachea?

Back 41

Diameter & wall thickness

Front 42

How do the secondary (lobar) bronchi differ? (2)

Back 42

1. C-rings replaced by irregular cartilage plates
2. Smooth muscle surrounds entire lumen

Front 43

What are the 3 divisions of bronchi?

Back 43

1. Primary = main bronchi
2. Secondary = lobar bronchi
3. Tertiary = segmental bronchi

Front 44

Walls of bronchioles include only?

Back 44

Epithelium & lamina propria

Front 45

What type of epithelium is found in bronchioles?

Back 45

Simple ciliated columnar with goblet cells

Front 46

Lamina propria of bronchioles contains?

Back 46

NO glands or cartilage
Helically arranged smooth muscle
Elastic fibers

Front 47

Clara cells are found in?

Back 47

Epithelium of Bronchioles & terminal bronchioles

Front 48

What is the function of Clara cells? (3)

Back 48

-Protect bronchiolar epithelium
-Degrade inhaled toxins
-Might secrete surfactant

Front 49

The respiratory portion of the respiratory system consists of? (4)

Back 49

1. Respiratory bronchioles
2. Alveolar ducts
3. Alveolar sacs
4. Alveoli

Front 50

the smallest bronchioles not involved in gas exchange are?

Back 50

Terminal bronchioles

Front 51

What is the structural & functional unit of the respiratory system?

Back 51

Alveolus

Front 52

Opening of alveolus is controlled by?

Back 52

Single smooth muscle cell

Front 53

What separates alveoli from each other?

Back 53

Interalveolar septa formed of
-CT
-Reticular fibers
-Capillary bed

Front 54

Alveoli communicate w/ other alveolar vili via?

Back 54

Alveolar pores

Front 55

Type I pneumocytes are what cell type?

Back 55

Simple squamous cell of alveolar wall

Front 56

Type I pneumonocytes are connected by?

Back 56

Occluding junctions

Front 57

What cell type of the lungs contains lamellar bodies?

Back 57

Type II pneumocytes

Front 58

Lamellar bodies of type II pneumocytes contain?

Back 58

Surfactant --> decrease surface tension & prevent collapse

Front 59

Alveolar macrophages (dust cells) are derived from?

Back 59

Blood-borne monocytes

Front 60

Alveolar macrophages enter alveolar lumen by?

Back 60

Migrating between type I pneumocytes

Front 61

Blood-gas barrier contains? (4)

Back 61

1. Surfactant
2. Type I pneumocytes
3. Fused basal laminae
4. Endothelial cells of continous capillaries