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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Effect of altitude on heart
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RVH
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Primary pulmonary hypertension - due to...
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Inactivating mutation in the BMPR2 gene (normally functions to inhibit smooth muscle proliferation)
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How does maternal diabetes predispose to neonatal RDS?
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Inc insulin --> dec surfactant synthesis
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Why does CN- intoxication cause an increase in O2 sat in venous blood?
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CN- intox --> inhibit cytochrome c oxidase --> inhibit e- transport chain and aerobic metabolism --> fail to unload O2
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Changes in arterial/venous O2/CO2 content with exercise
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- No change PaO2, PaCO2
- Inc venous CO2 content |
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Most common mets to lung
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Breast
Colon Prostate Bladder |
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Asbestosis leads to .... on the pleura
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"Ivory-white" fibrocalcific pleural plaques
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Epiglottitis is caused by...
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H. influenza B (almost exclusively)
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H. influenza capsule is made of...
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Polyribosyl-ribitol-phosphate (PRP)
- vaccine |
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Most common cause of osteomyelitis
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S. aureus
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Give Hib vaccine at...
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2 months old
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Prevent Group B strep in newborn...
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Screen mom at 35-37 weeks
--> intrapartum penicillin prophylaxis if positive |
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Into where do the bronchial veins drain?
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Pumonary vein (bypasses the RV)
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What kind of signalling pathway:
calcitonin |
cAMP
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Signaling pathway: GHRH
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cAMP
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Signalling pathway: hCG
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cAMP
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Signaling pathway: MSH
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cAMP
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Signalling pathway: GnRH
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IP3
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Signaling pathway: Oxytosin
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IP3
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Signaling pathway: ADH
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V2 - cAMP
V1 - IP3 |
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Signaling pathway:
- TSH - TRH - TH |
- TSH: cAMP
- TRH: IP3 - TH: nuclear steroid receptor |
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Signalling pathway: prolactin
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Receptor-associated tyrosine kinase (JAK/STAT)
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Furosemide: Toxicity
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OH DANG
Ototoxicity Hypokalemia Dehydration Allergy (sulfa) Nephritis (interstitial) Gout |
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K+ sparing diuretics: toxicity
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Hyperkalemia
Gynecomastia |
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Multiple myeloma: why get constipation
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hypercalcemia
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Why is carbon monoxide poisoning difficult to detect
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Cherry red pigment masks the dec in O2
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First symptom of CO poisoning
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headache
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Why is alkalosis dangerous to tissues
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Left shifts the O2 curve --> ischemia
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Which direction does HbF shift the curve?
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Left
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Why are alcoholics succeptible to heat stroke?
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uncoupling agent --> hyperthermia
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Why might you get hot in a wood house?
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Dinitrophenol (used to preserve wood) is an uncoupling agent
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Small cell carcinoma: arises from...
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primitive cells of basal layer of bronchial epithelium
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Large & small cell carcinoma: which is responsive to chemotherapy
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Small cell
Large cell --> remove surgically |
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Mets of lung cancer
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adrenals
brain (epilepsy) Bone Liver (jaundice, hepatomegaly) |
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Ectopic ACTH or ADH: cancer
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smal cell carcinoma
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Ectopic PRHrP: cancer
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Squamous cell carcinomc
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Seminoma/Embryonal testiclar:
painless? painful? |
Seminoma - painless
Embryonal - painful |
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Most common malignant germ cell tumor or testis in kids
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Yolk sac (endodermal sinus) tumor
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