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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Auricle and External Auditory Canal make up the...
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outer ear
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Tympanic Membrane, Ossicles, Middle Ear Space and Mastoid make up the...
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middle ear
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Cochlea and Vestibular System (SCC/Utricle/Saccule) make up the...
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inner ear
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inflammation of the cartilage of the ear, can be in the nose as well
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perichondritis
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what is the common cause of cauliflower ear deformity?
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Trauma
looks like a withering ear with a bunch of folds |
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what is a keloid?
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scar made of granulation tissue, can happen on the auricle
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if you pull on the tragus and it elicits pain, what does the pt likely have? what do you give for tx?
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bacterial otitis externa
anti-bacterial topical |
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pt comes in with ear pain that has been unsuccessfully treated with antibiotics. The ear is still inflammed and in pain..what is likely the cause?
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fungal infection
(note: you cannot see them with your eye, need a microscope to see the spores) |
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you look in the ear and the malleous and the incus are very pronounced. You can also see the stapes very clearly... is this normal?
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NO!
negative pressure behind the tympanic membrane |
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there is a dull appearance, with notable blood vessels on the TM. what is going on?
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acute otitis media
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Pt reports muffled hearing in the ear without pain, you look in the ear and see an auburn colored fluid behind the TM. What do they likely have?
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Serous otitis media
you will likely not get much movement of the TM due to the fluid |
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Where do you normally see cholesteatoma? What is this? What is the problem?
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anterior superior portion of the TM
neoplasm made up of squamous tissue releases proteolytic enzymes that will erode bone (this can erode canals, that nerves travel through and lead to palsys, such as facial nerve) |
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what is impedance testing?
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create a seal in the external canal and blow air at the TM...measures the pressure in the space behind the eardrum that contains those bones
can show that the Eustachian tube (which is intermittently open, used to equalize pressure) is functioning properly |
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what 3 things can lead to conductive hearing loss?
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Infection
Obstruction of ear canal Otosclerosis (an abnormal growth of bone near the middle ear) |
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What is the purpose of cerumen?
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it is hydrophobic..to stop infection
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What causes us to cough when cerumen (earwax) is debrided?
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Arnolds nerve (branch of the vagus)
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Why are our External Auditory Canals so sensitive?
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there are number of important structures behind them...dont want to stick things in there
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What 5 things can lead to sensorineural hearing loss?
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Noise Exposure – Acute and Chronic
Presbycusis – Hearing Loss with Age Viral Infection – Sudden Hearing Loss Meniere’s Syndrome – “Triad” (fluctuating hearing loss, tinnitus, vertigo) Ototoxic Medications - Aminoglyclosides |
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if someone has sudden hearing loss what should you do? what is a cause?
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need to do emergency work up
Viral infection |
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Meniere’s Syndrome – “Triad”
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(fluctuating hearing loss, tinnitus, vertigo)
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what is vertigo? what is the problem in this?
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The sensation of movement when there is in fact none.
inner ear problem |
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most common cause of vertigo?
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benign positional vertigo
Benign positional vertigo develops when a small piece of bone-like calcium breaks free and floats within the tube of the inner ear. This sends the brain confusing messages about your body's position. |
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what is a non-otologic cause of vertigo?
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CNS – Tumors, Multiple Sclerosis
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what is EPISTAXIS? what is the treatment for anterior? posterior?
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nosebleed
Anterior: Local Cautery – but NEVER BOTH sides Posterior: Nasal Packing |
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you look in someone's nose and you see polyps unilaterally. what is likely going on? what is the big deal
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Inverted Papilloma
1/4 chance of malignancy so much pressure do to the growth that it can invade other areas (death associated with invasion of intercranial cavity) |
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pt presents with a crooked nose and trouble breathing...what do they likely have?
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NASAL DEFORMITY
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what causes saddle nose deformity? 4
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Trauma
Chemical exposure (cocaine) Granulomatous diseases Infectious diseases |
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you look in the mouth and see purple swelling and white exudates, what are you thinking?
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Acute Bacterial Tonsillitis
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Obstructive Sleep Apnea
2◦ to Tonsillar Hypertophy is normally associated with what? |
ADHD... can greatly improve cognitive functioning after removal of tonsils
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