Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Albuterol
|
beta 2 agonist
|
|
|
Salmeterol
|
beta 2 agonist, fast acting
|
|
|
Ipratropium bromide
|
slow acting anticholinergic; for asthma
|
|
|
theophylline
|
methyl xanthine
|
|
|
isoproterenol
|
beta adrenergic receptor agonist; sympathomimetic; catecholamine derivative
|
|
|
formoterol
|
long lasting beta-2 agonist
|
|
|
mechanims of beta-2 agonist
|
binds to beta-2 receptor which is linked to G proteins and produces stimulation of adenylyl cyclase--> increases cAMP --> protein kinases --> reduces intracellular calcium
|
|
|
Pharmacokinetics of Beta-2 agonists
|
systemic: reasonable absorption - variable - presystemic conjugation
Metabolism: COMT/MAO Bioavailability: 15-70% T 1/2: varies minutes to 6-8 hrs. Inhaled: 8-15% of dose reaches systemic circulation...low systmeic circulations (ng/ml) |
|
|
long acting beta-2 agonists
|
salmeterol and formoterol
|
|
|
anticholingergic bronchodilators
|
(atropine)
ipratropium bromide |
|
|
Pharmacokinetics of inhaled ipratropium bromide
|
8-15% of dose reaches the bronchi
1% reaches systemic circulation inactive metabolites in urine duration of action: 6-8 hrs |
|
|
Tiotropium
|
longer acting anticholingergic bronchodilator
(same idea as ipratropium bromide) |
|
|
Side effects of cholingergic antagonists in asthma/COPD
|
anticholingergic effects are rare and only at high doses
bitter taste!!! (compliance) paradoxical bronchoconstriction (very rarely) |
|
|
Paradoxical bronchoconstriction
(side effect of anticholinergics) |
benzalkonium chloride...causes an exacerbation...its an antibacterial in the nebulizer
drying of secretions does not occur |
