Resp. Disorders Of Sheep And Goats

Front 1

What is the nasal bot we should remember for NAVLE?

Back 1

Oesterus ovis

Front 2

T or F?
Oesteris ovis has a high mortality and low morbidity?

Back 2

False
Morbidity 80% mortality 0%

Front 3

What is the main upper airway neoplasia in sheep and goats?

Back 3

adenocarcinoma

Front 4

Adenocarcinoma is usually found in what age range?

Back 4

yearlings to adults

Front 5

What is the virus that results in adenocarcinoma in sheep and goats? What type of virus is it?

Back 5

Ovine and caprine nasal adenocarcinoma virus
Beta retrovirus

Front 6

T or F?
Sheep Nasal Adenocarcinoma is always unilateral

Back 6

false, can be unilateral or bilateral

Front 7

Is Adenocarcinoma in sheep usually benign or malignant?

Back 7

benign

Front 8

In sheep nasal adenocarcinoma death usually occurs within _____ of recognition from _____

Back 8

90 days
asphyxia

Front 9

Is sheep nasal adenocarcinoma treatable?

Back 9

Nope
Can do a tracheostomy as temporary short term tx

Front 10

How do you dx sheep nasal adenocarcinoma?

Back 10

endocscopy (+/- biopsy)
PCR

Front 11

Enzootic pneumonia of sheep and goats is similar to what disease complex in cattle?

Back 11

BRDC

Front 12

What is the primary organism in enzootic pneumonia?

Back 12

Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae

Front 13

Besides mycoplasma ovipneuominae, what are the viruses involved in enzootic pneumonia?

Back 13

BRSV, adenovirus-6, PI3

Front 14

What two viruses play a bigger role in the sheep/goat disease complex than in the cattle complex?

Back 14

adenovirus-6
PI3

Front 15

Enzootic pneumonia is a problem in what age range of animals and in what conditions?

Back 15

3-12 months
housed or densley stocked fattening or store lambs

Front 16

Enzootic pneumonia is particularly common after what event?

Back 16

mixing of lambs

Front 17

What are the two most common and most important bacterial infectious diseases resulting in bacterial pneumonia in sheep and goats? According to Poulsens email which one is more common in our diagnostic lab?

Back 17

M. haemolica
P. multocida (more common in our lab)

Front 18

What are the predisposing infections that allow for secondary colonization and bacterial pneumoia?

Back 18

PI3
Adenovirus-6
BRSV
Chlamydia
Bordetella parapertussis
Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae

Front 19

What are some ways to dx enzootic pneumonia?

Back 19

Cx
environmental findings (stocking density, ventilation)
TTW
Necropsy

Front 20

What are some control measures that can be taken to reduce the prevalence of enzootic pneumonia?

Back 20

early detection (key)
improve ventilation
reduce stocking density
avoid mixing age groups

Front 21

What are 3 abx that can be used to tx enzootic pneumonia? What is an abx that won't work?

Back 21

Macrolides
Flouroquinolones
Ceftiofur
Penicillin WILL NOT WORK

Front 22

Does Poulsen think pasturella vax are good?

Back 22

No, says management is better

Front 23

What are some secondary problems that result from bacterial pneumonia?
a. Orchitis
b. speticemia
c. arthritis
d. conjunctivitis

Back 23

b. septicemia
c. arthritis

Also: otitis media

Front 24

Sheep and goats with bacterial pneumonia are often found dead. Name some DDX that result in sudden death

Back 24

C. perfringens type D (aka pulpy kidney)
C. novyi type D (blacks disease)

I have perfringens type C written down in my notes but I thought he said this one didn't actually cause sudden death. Thoughts?

Front 25

What is an emerging pathogen that is different from ovipneumonia?

Back 25

Mycoplasma pneumonia of goats

Front 26

What are some abx that can be used to tx bacterial pneumonia? (2)

Back 26

Oxytetracyclin in feed
Sulfonamides in drinking water

Front 27

What is one abx that is cardiotoxic to goats?

Back 27

Tilmicosin

Front 28

How can bacterial pneumonia be prevented?

Back 28

avoid stress
vax for clostridial species C, D, and T
Can use bovine combination products for the PI3 and BRSV aspect

Front 29

What is the target temp for therapy?

Back 29

104

Front 30

What is the minimum number of days needed when txing respiratory disease complex?

Back 30

7-10

Front 31

What are three species of parasitic pneumonia in sheep and goats that we care about?

Back 31

Dictyocaulus filarial
Muellerius capillaris
Protostrongylus refescens

Front 32

Parasitic pneumonia will have what distribution in the lung?

Back 32

caudodorsal

Front 33

how do you dx Muellerius capillaris?

Back 33

Baermann fecal

Front 34

How do you prevent/tx dictyocaulus filaria?

Back 34

Pasture management and strategic deworming

Front 35

How do you dx dictyocaulus filaria?

Back 35

Necropsy and Baermann

Front 36

What is a cause of progressive viral pneumonia that apparently we don't really have in the US?

Back 36

Sheep pulmonary Adenocarcinoma

Front 37

Sheep pulmonary adenocarcinoma affects mature sheep ___ to ___ years

Back 37

2 to 4

Front 38

What is the cause of sheep pulmonary adenocarcinoma?

Back 38

retrovirus

Front 39

How do you dx sheep pulmonary adenocarcinoma?

Back 39

wheelbarrow test...see lots of clear fluid from the nostrils when you do this

Front 40

What is a cause of progressive viral pneumonia that is often confused with CAE?

Back 40

Ovine progressive pneumonia

Front 41

What is the cause of Ovine Progressive pneumonia?

Back 41

lentivirus

Front 42

Is the incubation for ovine progressive pneumonia long or short?

Back 42

long

Front 43

T or F?
There is a tx for ovine progressive pneumonia

Back 43

false

Front 44

What is the main route of transmission for ovine progressive pneumonia?

Back 44

from dam to offspring via colostrum

Front 45

How can you prevent ovine progressive pneumonia?

Back 45

ID and remove positive animals

Front 46

Can you do a PCR for ovine progressive pneumonia?

Back 46

yep

Front 47

In regards to CAE, _____ is a young animal problem, while _______ is an old animal problem

Back 47

neurologic disease
arthritis
He said this quite a few times

Front 48

What is the cause of CAE?

Back 48

a lentivirus persistent infection

Front 49

What cell line does CAE infect?

Back 49

monocyte-macrophage

Front 50

In what tissues does CAE particularly like to localize?

Back 50

synovium
mammary gland
CNS
lung

Front 51

T or F?
Animals with CAE may be asymptomatic for years

Back 51

true

Front 52

How is CAE transmitted?

Back 52

Via milk to nursing kids
horizontally in secretions

Front 53

What is the major impact of CAE?

Back 53

lifetime productivity of the goat

Heaven forbid we worry about its QOL

Front 54

What are the clinical syndromes that CAE causes?

Back 54

Leukoencephalomyelitis
Chronic hyperplastic polysynovitis

Front 55

What age range do you see Leukoencephalomyelitis in?

Back 55

2 to 6 mo

Front 56

What age range do you see chronic hyperplastic polysynovitis in?

Back 56

adults

Front 57

What are the clinical signs associated with leukoencephalomyelitis?

Back 57

rear leg paresis
milk interstitial pneumonia ( I'm guessing this is more associated with CAE itself)

Front 58

Most animals with chronic hyperplastic synovitis will have involvement of what other structure? DDX for this?

Back 58

The udder...will be hard and dry
DDX: mastitis

Front 59

Is it more common to have leukoencephalomyelitis or chronic hyperplastic synovitis?

Back 59

chronic hyperplastic synovitis

Front 60

What are some ways CAE can be diagnosed?

Back 60

Serologic tests (AGID, ELISA)
PCR of milk, blood and tissues

Front 61

Do you tx CAE?

Back 61

nope

Front 62

What is the px of CAE?

Back 62

guarded to poor with neuro signs

Not sure without neuro signs

Front 63

How do prevent CAE?

Back 63

ID positive animals/cull
test and segregate/cull
monitor herd serology q 6 mo
Breed to CAE negative bucks

Front 64

Since this is a colostrum issue, what can you do if you can't feed colostrum from the dam?

Back 64

plasma transfusion (not commercially available)
Colostrum replacers
Colostrum bank
Bovine colostrum in a pinch

Front 65

T or F?
Caseous lymphadenitis is zoonitc with direct contact?

Back 65

true

Front 66

Caseous lymphadenitis will cause abscessation of ____ and _____

Back 66

lnn
internal organs

Front 67

What are 5 consequences of caseous lymphadenitis that result in economic losses?

Back 67

reduced weight gain
reduced repro efficiency
reduced wool and milk production
carcass condemnation at meat inspection
pelt devaluation

Front 68

What bacteria causes caseous lymphadenitis?

Back 68

corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

Front 69

T or F?
Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis cannot penetrate unbroken skin and intact mm?

Back 69

false. It can.

Front 70

What is the primary source of environmental contamination with cornybacterium pseudotuberculosis?

Back 70

ruptured superficial and lung abscesses...so disgusting yet so amazing

Front 71

What wil this cause in horses?

Back 71

pigeon fever (REPORTABLE)

Front 72

T or F? Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis can be transmitted via fomites?

Back 72

true

Front 73

How long can the bacteria survive in hay, shavings, and soil?

Back 73

months

Front 74

Does caseous lymphadenitis respond well to tx?

Back 74

nope

Front 75

2 ways to dx caseous lymphadenitis?

Back 75

culture
serology

Front 76

If you want to attempt tx for caseous lymphadenitis, what are some tx options?

Back 76

Penicillin + rifampin
Abscess drainage, cleaning + intra-lesional abx
Surgical resection

Front 77

He gave an example of a control program that I don't care about. What do you call a bear with no teeth?

Back 77

A gummy bear