Resp Care 195 Pharmacology

Front 1

Isoproterenol

Back 1

Isuprel

Front 2

Epinephrine

Back 2

Adrenalin

Front 3

Racemic Epinephrine

Back 3

Vaponephrin, Micronefrin

Front 4

Isoetharine

Back 4

Bronkosol

Front 5

Metaproterenol

Back 5

Alupent

Front 6

Terbutaline

Back 6

Brethine

Front 7

Albuterol

Back 7

Proventil, Ventolin,Salbutamol

Front 8

Levo Albuterol

Back 8

Xopenex

Front 9

Fenoterol

Back 9

Berotec

Front 10

Ephedrine

Back 10

Sudafed, Pseudofedrine

Front 11

Bitolterol

Back 11

Tornulate

Front 12

Pirbuterol

Back 12

MaxAir

Front 13

Salmeterol

Back 13

Serevent

Front 14

Formoterol

Back 14

Foradil

Front 15

Albuterol

Back 15

Salbutamol, Proventil, Ventolin

Front 16

Phenylphrine

Back 16

Neosynephrine, Afrin

Front 17

Arfomoterol

Back 17

Brovana

Front 18

Ipratropium Bromide

Back 18

Atrovent

Front 19

Atropine

Back 19

Atropine Sulfate

Front 20

Tiotropium Bromide

Back 20

Spiriva

Front 21

Glycopyrrolate

Back 21

Robinul

Front 22

Epinephrine / Adrenaline
Name 1-Route, 2-aerosol dose, 3-receptor site rank

Back 22

1 -Sub-Q , IV, Aerosol
2- Aerosol dose = .25-.7 q4h
3- (Beta 1 = 4, Beta 2 = 2, Alpha = 3)

Front 23

Isoproterenol / Isuprel 1% and .5%
Name 1-Route, 2-aerosol dose, 3-receptor site rank

Back 23

1-IV and aerosol per internet
2-Aerosol dose = .125-.5 q4h of .5%
3- Beta 2 = 5, Beta 1 = 4,

Front 24

Isoproterenol /Isuprel is...

Back 24

The most potent Beta 2 that is approved by the FDA

Front 25

When is Racemic Epinephrine used?

Back 25

post extubation, glottic and sub-glottic edema

Front 26

Racemic Epi: 2.25%
Give the...1-Route, 2-aerosol dose, 3-receptor site rank

Back 26

1-aerosol
2- .25-.7 ml q4h
3- Alpha=3, Beta 1=2, Beta 2 = 2

Front 27

Bronkosol / Bronkometer/ Isoetharine 1%
Give the...1-Route, 2-aerosol dose, 3-receptor site rank

Back 27

1-aerosol
2-aerosol dose: .25 -.7 ml q4h
3-Beta 2=3, Beta 1=1

Front 28

Alupent / Metaproterenol / Metaprel 5% or 50mg/ml
Give the...1-Route, 2-aerosol dose, 3-receptor site rank

Back 28

1-aerosol
2-aerosol dose = .2-.3 ml q4h
3-Beta 1 = 1 or 2, Beta 2=4

Front 29

Brethine / Terbutaline .1% or 1mg/ml
Give the...1-Route, 2-aerosol dose, 3-receptor site rank

Back 29

1- oral, subQ,aerosol
2-.25-2.5 mg q4-8h (ml = mg)
3- Beta 2=4, Beta 1=2
4-also stimulates cilia

Front 30

Albuterol/Proventil/Ventolin/ Salbutamol .5% or 5mg/ml
Give the...1-Route, 2-aerosol dose, 3-receptor site rank

Back 30

1-oral, IV, aerosol
2- .5 ml of .5% q4-6h
3-unsure of receptor site rank

Front 31

Fenoterol / Berotec .5% or 5mg/ml
Give the...1-Route, 2-aerosol dose, 3-receptor site rank

Back 31

1-oral and aerosol
2-.5 ml of .5% q6-8h
3-Beta 2 =4 and Beta 1=1

Front 32

Other names for Ephedrine

Back 32

Sudafed, Tedral, Quibon, Marax

Front 33

Bitolterol/ Tornulate
Give the...1-Route, 2-aerosol dose, 3-receptor site rank

Back 33

1- MDI only
2- use 2-3 puffs q4-6h
3-no rank given, but says to watch for Beta 1 side effects
additional info: potent Beta 2 stimulator with quick results

Front 34

Pirbuterol / MaxAir
Give the...1-Route, 2-aerosol dose, 3-receptor site rank

Back 34

1- MDI only
2 -MDI only
3-does not say
additional info: like albuterol but comes on quickly, expensive

Front 35

Salmeterol / Serevent
Give the...1-Route, 2-aerosol dose, 3-receptor site rank

Back 35

1-MDI only
2-MDI only - BID, DPI
3-does not say
additional info: very long acting and comes on slowly, long acting beta 2 agonist

Front 36

Formoterol / Foradil
Give the...1-Route, 2-aerosol dose, 3-receptor site rank

Back 36

1-MDI only
2-MDI only
3-does not say
Additional info: long acting beta 2 agonist. breath activated dry powder

Front 37

What is so special about Atropine?

Back 37

cholinergic blockade, decreased c-CMP so decreasd bronchospasm and decreased mast cell degranulation. May potentiate beta 2 activity of sympathomimetics, decreased secretions.

Front 38

What is aerosol dose of Atropine?

Back 38

1mg of 1% q4-6h

Front 39

Atrovent / Ipratropium
Give the...1-Route, 2-aerosol dose, 3-receptor site rank

Back 39

1-aerosol or MDI
2-BID
3-not given
Very effective in COPD patients

Front 40

Titropium Bromide / Spiriva
Give the...1-Route, 2-aerosol dose, 3-receptor site rank

Back 40

1-MDI or aerosol
2-QD
3-not given
very good with COPD

Front 41

Glycopyrrolate / Robinul

Back 41

1-aerosol, IV, oral ( The class notes say only via nebulizer, which I know is wrong, it is also IV and oral)
2-1 mg q4-6h
3-not given

Front 42

Define:
mg / ml

Back 42

How many mg of solute per 1 ml of solution (solvent)

Front 43

Define:
% (percent) solution

Back 43

How many grams of solute or drug in each 100 ml of solution (solvent)

Front 44

What is equal to 1% ??

Back 44

1% is 1 gram per 100 ml, which is the same as 1000mg per 100 ml, which, when reduced is 10 mg per ml.

Front 45

Define and Describe:
Dilution Ratio:

Back 45

1:100 = 1 gram (1000 mg) of solute per 100 grams of solution (solvent)
1:100 = 1000mg/100ml =10mg/ml

Front 46

How to convert mg/ml to % solution?

Back 46

Move decimal point one place to the left. So,
10 mg/ml = 1%
17 mg/ml = 7.5%

Front 47

How to convert % solution to mg/ml?

Back 47

Move decimal point one place to the right. So,
2% = 20 mg/ml
.5% = 5mg/ml
7.5% = 75mg/ml

Front 48

How to convert Dilution Ratio to % Solution?

Back 48

1:1000 = 1 gram per 1000 grams,

1 gram = 1000 mg
1000mg / 1000ml or 1mg/1ml

Front 49

How to convert mg/ml or % solution to a dilution ratio

Back 49

1- change mg/ml to a % solution (move decimal to the left)
2- then express the % solution by its definition and then simplify it.
So, 20 mg/ml = 2% solution, which is 2 grams of solute per 100 grams of solvent or 2:100, which is the same as 1:50.

Front 50

What are the differences between the:
Sympathetic:
Parasympathetic:

Back 50

Sympathetic: dilates smooth airway muscle, decreases bronchial gland secretions, inhibits degranulation of mast cells

Parasympathetic: Constricts smooth airway muscle, increases bronchial gland secretions, degranulates mast cells and they break open.

Front 51

Where are adrenergic sympathetic alpha receptor locations?

Back 51

Bronchial mucosa blood vessels and systemic blood vessels mostly and sometimes in mast cells and bronchial smooth muscle but not enough to be significant

Front 52

What are the effects of adrenergic sympathetic alpha receptors?

Back 52

constriction of bronchial blood vessels and systemic blood vessels. May cause broncho constriction or mast cell degranulation

Front 53

Where are Adrenergic sympathetic Beta receptor locations?

Back 53

heart, adipose tissue and GI tract

Front 54

What ere the effects of Adrenergic sympathetic Beta 1 Receptors?

Back 54

increased heart volume and increased stroke volume. increased cardiac output and coronary blood flow. May increase O2 requirements for the heart

Front 55

Where are the Adrenergic sympathetic Beta 2 receptor locations?

Back 55

bronchial smooth muscle, mast cells also systemic and skeletal muscle and a few in the blood vessels

Front 56

What are the effects of Adrenergic sympathetic Beta 2 receptors?

Back 56

Bronchial smooth muscle relaxation, bronchodilation, and decreased mast cell degranulation (keeps airways open)

Front 57

What are more effects of sympathetic adrenergic Alpha receptors?

Back 57

decreases c-amp because fo stimulation of ATPase. Decreased c-amp causes constriction of blood vessels. There is not too much effecton bronchial smooth muscle or mast cells since they usually have more beta 2 receptors/

Front 58

Where are parasympathetic cholnergic receptor sites found?

Back 58

Found in airway smooth muscle and mast cells

Front 59

What chemicals stimulate adrenergic sympathetic receptor sites?

Back 59

neurotransmitter: norepinephrine
Adrenergic or sympathetic drugs are known as sympathomimetics or catecholamines. Epinephrine is a naturally occurring sympathomimetic

Front 60

What chemicals stimulate cholinergic or parasympathetic receptor sites?

Back 60

neurotransmitter: acetlycholine
Cholinergic or parasympathetic drugs are: methacholine.

Front 61

Beta 2 =

Back 61

Beta 2 = increased cyclic 3,5 AMP and causes bronchidlation

Front 62

Alpha =

Back 62

Alpha = decreased cyclic 3,5 AMP and causes increased GMP and causes bronchoconstriction

Front 63

What are the desired effects of adrenergic sympathetic stimulation?

Back 63

bronchodilation
decreased mast cell degranulation
vasoconstriction of mucosal blood vessels (decongestant effect)

Front 64

What are the undesired side effects of adrenergic sympathetic stimulation?

Back 64

beta 1 = tachycardia, palpitations, increased blood pressure, N&V and headache.
Alpha = increased blood pressure and possibley rebound congestion
Beta 2 = tremors,agitation, possibly N&V

Front 65

What is the physiological effects of the alpha receptor site?

Back 65

increased bronchospasm
decreased secretions
decreased airway resistance
increased blood pressure
decreased heart rate
slightly increased mast cell degranulation

Front 66

What is the physiological effects of the beta 1 receptor site?

Back 66

increased blood pressure
increased heart rate

Front 67

what is the physiological effects of the beta 2 receptor sites?

Back 67

decreased bronchospasm
increased secretions
decreased airway resistance
decreased blood pressure
Tremor on skeletal muscle
agitation on the CNS
decreased mast cell degranulation

Front 68

what inactivates acetylcholine?

Back 68

Cholinesterase

Front 69

what inactivates norepinephrine?

Back 69

MAO and COMT

Front 70

What stimulates the symphathetic nervous system?

Back 70

adrenergics
sympathomimetics
catecholamines

Front 71

What stimulates the parasympathetic nervous system?

Back 71

cholinergics

Front 72

What blocks the sympathetic nervous system?

Back 72

beta= propanolol
alpha = phentolamine

Front 73

What blocks the parasymphatetic nervous system?

Back 73

atropine

Front 74

Where is the efferent nerve for the sympathetic system

Back 74

T1-T5

Front 75

Where is the efferent nerve for the pasasympathetic system

Back 75

vagus

Front 76

What stimulates the parasympathetic system?

Back 76

cholinergics

Front 77

What is the aerosol dose for Epinephrine / Adrenalin?

Back 77

.25 to .7 ml q4h

Front 78

What is the aerosol dose for Isoproterenol / Isuprel 1% , .5% ?

Back 78

.125 ml to .5 ml q4h of .5%

Front 79

What is the aerosol dose for Racemic Epi / Vaponephrin / Micronefrin - 2.25%

Back 79

.25 ml to .7 ml q4h

Front 80

What is the aerosol dose for Isoetharine / Bronkosol / Bronkometer 1% -

Back 80

.25 ml to 1 ml q4h and should be diluted 1:3

Front 81

What is the aerosol dose for Alupent/ Metaprel / Metoproterenol 5% -

Back 81

.2 ml to .3 ml q4h

Front 82

What is the aerosol dose for Brethine / Terbutaline .1% (1mg/ml)

Back 82

.25 ml (mg) to 2.5 ml (mg) q4-8h

(1 ml = 1mg)

Front 83

What is the aerosol dose for Proventil/Ventolin/Albuterol/ Salbutamol .5%

Back 83

.5ml of .5% q4-6h

Front 84

What is the aerosol dose for Levo-Albuterol

Back 84

1.25 mg in 3 cc unit dose q4-6h, (got on internet, not in notes)

Front 85

What is the aerosol dose for Fenoterol /Berotec .5%

Back 85

.5 ml of.5% q6-8h

Front 86

What is the aerosol dose for Tornulate /Bitolterol?

Back 86

MDI only- 2-3 puffs q4-6h

Front 87

What is the aerosol dose for Pirbuterol/MaxAir?

Back 87

breath activated MDI - 2 puffs q4-6h

Front 88

What is the aerosol dose for Salmeterol / Serevent

Back 88

MDI - DPI
Bid
beta 2 agonist

Front 89

What is the aerosol dose for Formoterol / Foradil?

Back 89

MDI - DPI
1 cap inhaled twice daily
beta 2 agonist

Front 90

What is the aerosol dose of Atropine 1%?
(parasympatholytic)

Back 90

1 mg of 1% q4-6h

Front 91

What is the aerosol dose for Atrivebt /Ipratropium Bromide .02%?

Back 91

500 mcg (1 vial) used in a nebulizer three or four times a day, every six to eight hours, as needed. (per internet)


effective for COPD patients

Front 92

What is the aerosol dose for Spiriva/Titroprium Bromide?

Back 92

Use Qd, good with COPD - MDI only

Front 93

Robinul / Glycopyrrolate

Back 93

1 mg q4-6h