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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Chronic bronchitis - daily sputum production for at least ___ months for __ or more consecutive years
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3, 2.
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What pathological processes make for the irreversible airflow limitations seen in COPD?
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Inflammation
Fibrosis remodelling of peripheral airways. |
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Why do COPD pt get COR PULMONALE?
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Pulmonary vasoconstriction due to hypoxia in poorly aerated lung, vasoconstrictor peptides caused by inflammation and vascular remodelling.
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In susceptible smoking pt's, by how many mL's does ones FEV1 fall per year?
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25-100mL.
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Occupational dust exposure is responsible for ____ of COPD?
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20-30%
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Non smoking women who are involved with knitting, spinning of cotton or silk have an increased risk of death from COPD, true or false?
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True
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Biological dust from farms is a risk factor for copd? True or false
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True
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Beyond the age of 45, men tend to have a decrease in their FEV1 more rapidly than women, true or false?
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False
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Which of the following is not a risk factor for COPD
- genetics - tobacco smoke exposure - outdoor air pollution - tetra hydrochloride - age |
tetra- hydrochloride
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Which of the following is not a risk factor for COPD
-Gender - recurrent LRTI - Previous TB - Nutrition - comorbidities |
All are risk factors
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Which of the following is worst at predicting COPD Mortality
- FEV1 - 6MWD - peak VO2 during cardiopulmonary exercise test - BMI - Dyspnea score |
FEV1
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What are the components of the BODE index
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BMI, degree of obstruction measured by FEV1, dyspnea score and exercise capacity measured by 6MWD.
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What is the 5 yr survival rate for a pt with an FEV1 <20%?
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10%
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If there is substantial airflow limitation in ES COPD, will ceasing ciggies help with symptoms?
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Yes
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Using supplemental noctural oxygen for a patient with hypoxic resp failure will increase 5 year survival from 30% to ?
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50%
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For a COPD pt with chronic hypercapnia, the 5 year survival is only?
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11%
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Consider COPD in smokers and non smokers over the age of ?
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35
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what is the most important RF for exacerbations
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Previous exacerbations
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a 35 yo smoking male with a history of wheeze and cough FEV1 response to bronchodilator is 450mL from his baseline
What is the diagnosis |
asthma
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which antimuscarinic is better to use- tiotropium vs ipratropium and why?
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Both are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction and stroke. Tiotropium has been found to improve lung function, decrease hospital admission and improve QoL when compared to ipratropium.
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Choose the most appropriate answer:
For which of the following reasons would you prescribe a short acting bronchodilator combination? - Improvement of PFT's - Improvement of QoL - Decreases need for corticosteroids - Avoids compounding adverse effects |
avoids compounding adverse effects
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most common s.e. of tiotropium?
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dry mouth
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Which of the following is not a benefit of LABA'S?
- Improved lung function - decreased mortality - improved QoL - decreased use of short acting broncodilators - decreased acute exacerbations |
- decreased mortality
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Side effects of inhaled steroids
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hoarseness,pral candidiasis, pneumonia
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Which of the following is front line therapy for COPD (ie would not be added in as adjunct)
LABA or ICS |
ics - USE WITH LABA IF PT HAVING FREQUENT EXACERBATIONS
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LABA + ics reduces mortalitiy compared to just using ICS, true or false
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True
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How great is exercise training for copd?
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rEALLY GREAT - decreased symptoms, increased exercise endurance, imporved QoL, emotional function.
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