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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the major 3 causes of upper respiratory illnesses?
which one is the major cause? How many Strains are there of each? ******** |
Rhinoviruses (40-50%) 100(+) strains
Coronaviruses (10-30%) 30(+) strains Adenoviruses (5-10%) 51 strains |
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Metapneumovirus, parainfluenza virus, coxsackie A, and parvo virus are examples of viruses that cause what kind of problem?
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lower respiratory
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what is the prime way of innoculating yourself with rhinovirus?
**** |
PICKING YOUR NOSE. (or rubbing your eyes with your fingers)
Don't lie. You do it. You probably eat your boogers too. You are gross, and should feel shame. |
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often in the common cold you have issues with the back of the throat being sore/irritated. What is the cause of this?
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not caused by infection;
caused by mucus from adenoid area, falling down and carrying inflammatory mediators with it....this is what casues all the problems! |
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what is the long term immunity for the rhinovirus?
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there is none! this is the common cold
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what is meant by the fact that rhinoviruses are acid labile?
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acid labile: when we swallow the virus, it is killed in the stomach....
this prevents rapid spread and problems |
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what is the most frequent cause of the common cold?
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Rhinoviruses
***** |
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What attribute of the nose allows the rhinovirus to grow better than in other locations? (besides the fact that you can easily put a finger in there)
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Rhinoviruses have optimal growth at 33 degrees C... thus the nose provides this temp
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does fever help with the elimination of the rhinovirus?
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NO
it is heat stable, so fever does not kill it |
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what is the mechanism of spread of the rhinovirus?
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Spread by respiratory droplets, esp. hands to face
GENERALLY WE DO NOT INHALE IT DIRECTLY, we get them on our fingers and innoculate ourselves |
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what is the number one reason for misuse of antibiotics? what population is this especially seen?
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RHINOVIRUS (Common Cold!)
in kids because the parents expect some treatment! ***** |
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what are the 4 inflammatory mediators responsible for the symptoms of the common cold? please give a little blurb about each
**** |
histamine - dilation of blood vessels, nasal congestion &plasma exudate; activation of sneeze and cough reflexes
prostaglandins - mucous gland secretion; kinins - stimulation of pain nerve fibers (sore throat) cytokines – headache, fever, chills, shivers, muscle aches |
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what inflammatory mediator is responsible for sore throat?
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kinins (bradykinin) going down the back of the throat
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what is responsible for headache, fever, chills, shivers, muscle aches in common cold?
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cytokines
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T/F
Susceptibility to colds requires a weakened immune system (which can be prevented or overcome with “immune system boosters”) |
FALSE
there are no immune system boosters and its not like your immune system decides to not show up on some days. this shit is false |
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T/F
Winter heating dries the mucus membranes of the nose and makes a person more susceptible to catching a cold. |
FALSE
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T/F
Becoming cold or chilled leads to catching a cold. |
FALSE
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T/F
Having cold symptoms help you get over a cold, therefore you should not treat a cold (relieve symptoms). |
FALSE
get yourself feeling better! |
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T/F
You can tell the difference between a viral URTI and a bacterial one by the color of the nasal discharge (clear vs. yellow or greenish). |
FALSE
color has nothing to do with if it is bacterial or viral, it has to do with the inflammatory mediator |
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why is vaccine not probable for rhiniovirus?
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there is a canyon site on the virus surface where it attaches to receptors
this canyon is so small that anti-body cant even get in there... so you probably can't make a vaccine |
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what is responsible for recovery and immunity from the rhinovirus?
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Secretory IgA (remember in the nose!)
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What are the major viral diseases seen from adenoviruses?
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Significant contribution to upper (common
cold) and lower respiratory tract diseases (bronchitis, pneumonia) in children |
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Acute respiratory disease of military recruits is caused by what?
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adenovirus
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what causes Pharyngoconjunctival fever? where do you get it?
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adenovirus
swimming pool (viral version of pink eye) |
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what causes epidemic keratoconjuctivitis?
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adenovirus
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