Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is research? |
A combination of inductive and deductive reasoning processes |
|
Deductive reasoning |
Reasoning from generalizations; general to specific conclusions |
|
Inductive reasoning |
Logical thought process of reasoning from facts; specific to general |
|
Method |
Systematic steps for carrying out a procedure |
|
Scientific Research Method looks at (3) |
-How knowledge will be acquired -How knowledge will be presented -How results will be evaluated to prove if they are true or false |
|
Health - WHO 1948 |
Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity |
|
Health - Frankish et al. 1996 |
The capacity of people to adapt to, respond to, or controls life's challenges and changes |
|
Health - WHO 1984 |
The extent to which an individual or group is able to realize aspirations and satisfy needs, and to change or cope with the environment. Health is a resource for everyday life, not the objective of living; it is a positive concept, emphasizing social and personal resources, as well as physical capacities. |
|
Define research |
Systematic process of enquiry that aims to generate new scientific knowledge |
|
Health research |
Any research relevant to health |
|
CIHR |
Canadian Institutes of Health Research |
|
CIHR's four pillars of health (4) |
-Biomedical -Clinical -Health services and policy -Social, cultural, environmental, and population health |
|
Young's four categories of health research |
1.To describe 2.To explain 3. To predict 4. To control |
|
Young: To describe (2) |
-Comparisons between people or groups -Illustrate difference in health |
|
Cohort Study |
Following groups over time and monitoring of health risks and outcomes |
|
Young: to predict and control (2) |
-Using research findings to develop and evaluate strategies to mitigate health problems -Can inform development of services and policies to improve health outcomes |
|
Research Milestone - 1989 |
Discovery of gene for cystic fibrosis - led to newborn screening and early detection |
|
Research Milestone - 1952 |
Jonas Salk developed a polio vaccine |
|
Research Milestones - 1954 |
Toronto Technique for cultivating large quantities of polio vaccine |
|
Research Milestones - 1921 |
Discovery and production of insulin by Frederick Banting |
|
Research Milestones - 1960s |
-Link discovered between vitamin D and rickets -Began adding to food to counter |
|
Define Research |
A tool for generation knowledge for education, disease prevention, as well as practice and policy developement |
|
Research Process |
Provides researcher with a step-by-step plan to carry out a research study, using EBP and EBBP to arrive at a sound decision |
|
Researcher's Role in a Study (7) |
-Develop a research question -Select study design -Ensure Study is ethically sound -Collect data -Analyze data -Prepare study findings -Develop new research question |
|
Researcher's Role Administratively (5) |
-Establish a budget -Develop a timeline -Keep records -Supervise all individuals working on the study -Comply with all agency, organizational, and institutional rules, regulations, policies, and procedures |
|
12 Steps of the research process |
1. Find research topic 2. Find existing knowledge on the topic 3. Define the problem 4. Develop research question 5. Generate hypothesis 6. Choose appropriate study design 7. Define variables and key terms 8. Identify participants/subjects 9. Conduct the study 10. Data analyses 11. Publish, spread knowledge 12. Amend research question to new one |
|
How to determine a research topic (5) |
- Pick a topic you are enthusiastic about - Pick a topic realistic in complexity - Topic has a specific focus - Able to revise topic if needed
|
|
Why a Literature Search? |
- Provides familiarity with chosen topic - Identify gaps in research - Determine the pre-existing base of knowledge on the chosen topic |
|
How to Define the Research Problem |
- Prepare a problem statement identifying who, what, where, and when - include basis of study it it is clear, concise, and specific - Identify the scope, time frame, what is being studied, and what you want to know - Should be feasible and practical |
|
How to Develop a research question |
-Should provide structure and direction for the work to be undertaken -Should allow researcher to determine they have to appropriate resources for the study -Should help the researcher be more efficient
|
|
PICO (t) |
Population Intervention Comparison Outcome (t)ime |
|
FINER |
Feasible Interesting Novel Ethical Relevant |