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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which of the following ethical guidelines describes the researcher's obligations to do no harm? |
a. promoting justice b. promoting health and well-being c. maintaining privacy and confidentiality d. preserving dignity |
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review the abstract information provided below and identify the dependent variable from the variables in the list. "Across time, increases in social support and marital satisfaction were associated with increased psychological well-being, whereas longer periods of unemployment were connected with higher depression and lower self-esteem" . |
a. "social support" b. "marital satisfaction" c. "psychological well-being" d. "unemployment" |
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which of the following distinctions is characteristic of qualitative research methods? |
a. data are in text form b. data are dichotomous (either yes or no) c. qualitative research does not generate data d. data from qualitative studies are inappropriate for analysis |
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which of the following criteria must be met to infer causality? |
a. the relationship between cause and effect must be measurable and reciprocal b. the relationship but not be explainable by any other variable c. the independent variable must change in response to manipulation of the dependent variable d. the outcome must be logical, expected, and predictable |
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which of the following factors is considered a measure to keep the conditions of a quantitative study uniform? |
a. accuracy b. methods c. control d. validity |
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how is nursing research significant to the profession of nursing? |
a. responsibility is more specifically defined b. liability within the practice of nursing is decreased c. a specialized body of knowledge is generated for use in the delivery of nursing care d. the scope of nursing practice is expanded into areas formerly reserved for other disciplines |
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how are secondary sources valuable in a literature review? |
a. they provide material written by the person who connoted the study b. they provide a different way of looking at specific issues or problems c. they determine the relationship of two or more variables affecting an outcome d. they increase the body of nursing knowledge in a specific area of practice |
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during a class examination, the course instructor notes that a student who usually does poorly in clay tests has shaking hands, knocks over a bottle of water, breaks the points of two pencils, makes many erasures, and wrinkles his computer score sheet. The instructor concludes that the student has test anxiety. What type of reasoning is demonstrated by the instructor? |
a. inductive reasoning b. deductive reasoning. c. theoretical reasoning. d. faulty reasoning |
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which of the following ethical principles is violated when a potential subject refuses to participate in a clinical study and, in response, the physician takes less time to answer this patient's questions than he does with other patients? |
a. promoting justice b. promoting health and well-being c. maintaining privacy and confidentiality d. preserving dignity |
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by what specific criterion should you judge the results or findings of experimental research? |
a. the size of the experimental group compared with the size of the control group b. the validity that the experimental treatment caused the desired effect on the outcome c. the degree to which the research question were congruent with the hypotheses and the purpose of the study d. the degree to which the researcher was able to apply the findings to clinical or practice settings |
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which of the following factors would be considered a mediating variable among potential subjects in a study to determine whether high doses of vitamin C are helpful in reducing susceptibility to influenza? |
a. gender and religion of the potential subjects b. the subjects' previous experience with influenza c. the subjects having received influenza vaccination d. the educational level and marital status of the potential subjects |
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which of the following is the correct definition of theory? |
a. the assumptions and beliefs of the "worldview" of the researcher b. a set of interrelated concepts that provides a systematic view of a phenomenon c. the specific and measurable premise or assumptions based on which the rationale for research direction is established d. a researcher's "best guess" of the expected direction of the relationship between independent and dependent variables |
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what is the purpose of a correlational study of multiple variables? |
a. to identify the independent variable b. to test whether one variable causes another variable c. to examine relationships between or among variables d. to distinguish how different ones variable is from another variable |
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which of the following activities or situations is a hallmark of critical reading? |
a. checking the age of the author b. clarifying unfamiliar concepts or terms c. memorizing key sentences within the test d. understanding the concepts at first reading ` |
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what should be the determining factor for a researcher to conduct a qualitative study? |
a. the need to test a theory b. the nature of the research question c. the age and gender of the study participants d. the availability of valid instruments to measure the phenomenon |
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which of the following statements about independent and dependent variables is true? |
a. all research problem statements must contain a dependent variable and an independent variable b. there should only be one dependent variable associated with a single independent variable c. the relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable for any study must be casual d. a given characteristic or situation may be dependent variable in on study and an independent variable in another |
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which of the following is an appropriate method of "weeding out" irrelevant sources when conducting an electronic search for articles for the later nature review on selected topic? |
a. collecting and critically reading all articles related to the topic published in the last 10 years b. selecting for printout only those articles whose abstracts indicate usefulness c. avoiding articles from clinical journals d. avoiding articles that do not include the term "study" in the title |
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ll of the following statements appear in a study's informed consent from. Which statement isolates the code of federal regulations? |
a. i understand that i may experience a small amount of discomfort during the study when blood is taken from one of my veins b. i understand that the investigator will not be responsible for any harm i experience that results from negligence c. i understand that i will not receive any compensation for my participation in this research study d. i understand that this study may not have any immediate benefits to me as result of my participation |
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why is randomization important in a study with an experiment design? |
a. it reduces the risk of the subject being harmed by participation in the study b. it ensures that the experimental group and the control group have the same number of participants c. it allows the study to proceed without the researcher knowing the identity of the treatment group d. it increases the likelihood that differences in the outcomes of the group are not related to chances alone |
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a mother agreed to let her young son participate in a research study because she believes that as he did not agree, her child would db died drug therapy. What right has been violated in this situation? |
a. voluntary consent b. freedom from harm c. protection from discomfort d. fair and equitable treatment |
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which of the following research problems is testable as written? |
a. should mothers addicted to crack cocaine be permitted to raise their children? b. is the classroom an appropriate place to teach sex eduction to 10 year old children c. are older adults residing in assisted-living facilities satisfied with their level of social interaction? d. is an HIV infection or AIDS status sufficient rationale for barring the person from employment as an elementary school teacher? |
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which of the following titles suggests that the study employs the ethnographic method? |
a. the phenomenon of breast self-examination among af |
