Research I

Front 1

agency tracking/anchor points

Back 1

asking service providers if they have been in touch with hard to reach participants (i.e. homeless people)/places you might find them

Front 2

analysis of variance

Back 2

data analysis in which the variance of a dependent variable is exaimined for the whole sample and for separate subgroups created on the basis of one or more independent variables

Front 3

case--control design

Back 3

a design for evaluating interventions that compares groups o fcases that have had contrasting outcomes and then collects retrospective data about past differences that might explain the difference in outcomes (uses multivariate statistics)

Front 4

chi-square

Back 4

statistical significance test used when both the independent and dependent variables are nominal

Front 5

cluster sampling

Back 5

a multistage sampling procedure in which natrual groups/clusters are sampled initially, with the members of each selected group being subsampled afterward.

Front 6

coefficient alpha

Back 6

statistic for depicting the internal consistency reliability; average of the correlations between the subscores of all possible subsets of half of the items on the instrument

Front 7

compensatory equalization

Back 7

threatens validity; practitioners compensate for difference of not being treatment group (providing enhanced services)

Front 8

compensatory rivalry

Back 8

threat to validity; practitioners decide to compete with those getting special treatment (e.g. start reading more)

Front 9

construct validity

Back 9

the degree to which a measure relates to other variables as expected within a system o f theoretical relationships`

Front 10

convergent validity

Back 10

the degree to which scores on a measure correspond tos cores of other measures of the same constrauct

Front 11

discriminant validity

Back 11

the degree to which scores on right when they are supposed to be

Front 12

disproportionate stratified sampling

Back 12

a method aimed at ensuring that enough cases of certain minority groups are selected to allow for subgroup comparisons

Front 13

emic perspective

Back 13

trying to adopt the beliefs attitudesa and other pov shared by the members of the culture being studied

Front 14

grounded theory

Back 14

a qualitative research approach that fodcuses on providing a detailed and accurate description of a culture from the viewpoint of an an insder rather than a researcher

Front 15

etic perspective

Back 15

maintaining objectivity as an outsider

Front 16

formative evaluation

Back 16

a type of program evaluation not concerned with testing the success of a program but focusing instead on obtaining info that is helpful in planning the pogram and improving its implementation and performance

Front 17

grounded theory

Back 17

a qualitative research approach that begins with observations and looks for patterns themes or common categories

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hermeneutics

Back 18

a qualitative research approach in which the researcher mentally tries to take on the circumstances, views, and feelings of those being studied to determine actions appropriately

Front 19

idiographic

Back 19

an approach in which we attempt to explain a single case fully

Front 20

induction

Back 20

the logical model in which general principles are developed from specific observations

Front 21

known groups validity

Back 21

a form of criterion related validty that pertains to the degree to which an instrument accurately differentiates between groups that are known to differe in respect to the variable being measured

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LATENT CONTENT

Back 22

the underlying meaning of communications as distinguished from their manifest content

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manifest content

Back 23

in connection with content analysis the concrete terms contained in a communication

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negative relationship

Back 24

a relationships between two variables in which one variable increaes in value as the other variable decreaes

Front 25

nomothetic

Back 25

an approach to explanation in whcih we attempt to discover factors taht can offer a general explanation of some phenomenon

Front 26

nonparametric tests

Back 26

tests of statistical significance that have been created for use when not all of the assumptions of parametric statistics have been met e.g. chi squared

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pearson product moment correlation

Back 27

a parametric measure of association -1 to 1 used when both the independent and dependent variables are interval or ratio

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postmodernism

Back 28

a paradigm that rejects the notion of a knowable objective social reality

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reductionism

Back 29

a fault of some researchers a strict limitation of the kinds of concepts to be considered relevant to the phenomenon under study

Front 30

reification

Back 30

the process of regarding as real things that are not real

Front 31

resentful demoralization

Back 31

a threat to the validty of an evaluation of an intervention's effectiveness that occurs when practioners or clients in the comaprison become resentful and demoralized = less confidence

Front 32

semantic differential

Back 32

a scaling format that asks respondents to choose between two opposite positions

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semiotics

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science of symbols

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spurious relationship

Back 34

a relationship between two variables that are no longer related when a third variable is controlled

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systematic sample

Back 35

every k-th is selected

Front 36

theoretical sampling distribution

Back 36

the distribution of outcomes produced by an infinite number of randomly drawn samples or random subdivisions of a sample. it is supposed to help you figure out how many times that outcome could occur as a result of chance.

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type I error

Back 37

when you reject null but you shouldn't

Front 38

type II error

Back 38

when you don't reject null but you should