Research Exam 1: Set 1

Front 1

Hypothesis

Back 1

statement of the expected relationship between variables

best guess of cause and effect

Front 2

Deductive Reasoning

Back 2

acceptance of a general proposition, or premise, from which subsequent inferences can be drawn

Front 3

Inductive Reasoning

Back 3

invovles a type of reverse logic, developing generalizations from specific observations

Front 4

Scientific Method (definition)

Back 4

systematic, empirical, controlled, and critical examination of hypothetical propositions about the associations among natural phenomena

Front 5

Scientific Method (steps)

Back 5

1. Unanswered question
2. Propose hypothesis
3. Conduct experiment to test hypothesis
4. Measure, analyze, interpret results
5. Conclude - support or disprove hypothesis
6. Report findings

Front 6

Basic (type of research)

Back 6

fundamental, used to develop theories

Front 7

Applied (type of research)

Back 7

functional, used to dictate practice

Front 8

Experimental (type of research)

Back 8

researcher manipulates or controls select variables of interest and observes effects

Front 9

Non-Experimental (type of research)

Back 9

researcher does not manipulate or control any variables of interest

Front 10

Experimental Research

Back 10

structured evaluation of cause-and-effect relationships between variables

Front 11

Quasi-Experimental

Back 11

less control, no randomization and/or comparison of groups (e.g. education research)

Front 12

Sequential Clinical Trials

Back 12

continuous analysis of data as they become available (e.g. testing of new drugs)

Front 13

Single-Case Studies

Back 13

results based on data from one or very few patients (e.g. effect of new treatment/rare diseases)

Front 14

Descriptive/Correlational

Back 14

examination and interpretation of relationships (e.g. is caloric intake related to weight?)

Front 15

Epidemiological

Back 15

study of health determinant patterns in a population; to assess risk, prevalence of disease, disability

Front 16

Historical/Retrospective

Back 16

use of preexisting reports or records to determine relationships (e.g. do pre-admissions data relate to success in academic programs?)

Front 17

Evaluation

Back 17

determination of merit or worth using criteria against a set of standards (e.g. success of program in meeting goals)

can be formative (during project) or summative (after project)

Front 18

Methodological

Back 18

validation of measurement instruments or tools again accepted standards (e.g. new equipment/devices