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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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operational hypothesis |
a precisely defined and described prediction about how each variable is measured and the effect it is expected to have on behaviour (eg explain every base and comparison)
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independent variable
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the variable manipulated by the experimenter
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dependent variable
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the variable that is dependent on the independent variable, as indicated by the results of the experiment
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extraneous variable
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any randomly occuring variable in a study, other than the independent variable, that changes the dependent variable
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different methods of sampling
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convenience sampling
random sampling stratified sampling random-stratified sampling |
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ethical issues
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the experimenters role |
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procedures |
single blind procedures (participants are unaware of whether they are in the control or experimental group)
double blind procedures (both participants and experimenter/s do not know which have been allocated to the control and experimental groups) |
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experimenter's effect |
an unintentional change in participant's behaviour and hence results, due to the experimenter's influence |
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designs |
-independent groups design (involves randomly allocating the members of the sample to either the control or experimental group)
-matched participants design (involves pairing each participant based on a certain characteristic that they share)
-repeated measures design (implemented by using only one group of participants and exposing that group to both the control + experimental conditions |
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inferential statistics |
allows us to make inferences about the result of an experiments; to form conclusions and generalise the findings
p-value (p<0.05 the probablity that the results occured due to chance alone is less than...5%) vice versa |
