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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the 4 levels of measurement?
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Nominal, Ordinal, Interval, Ratio |
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What is a single system design? |
may be a person, group, organization, or family. Research focused on a single system |
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What is order for the pyramid of heirachy for casual inference? |
1. Meta-analyze 2. Randomized Control Trial 3. Quasi Experimental Design. 4. Single System Design |
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What is a true experimental design? |
A Randomized Control Trial |
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What is internal reliability ? |
Cronbach's Alpha |
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What are the numbers for Cronbach's alpha? |
.70 and above= adequate .80 and above= good .90 and above= excellent |
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What is a dependent variable? |
The variable that you are trying to influence The response that is measured The presumed effect |
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What is a independent variable? |
The variable that you are manipulating The presumed cause |
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What are examples of famous ethical research mishaps? |
1. The Nazi Experiments 2. The Stanford Prison Experiments 3. Milgrim Experiement |
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What are the types of social research? |
1. Descriptive (e.g. homelessness rates in Philly) 2. Predictive (e.g. who is at risk of homelessness in Philly?) 3. Explanatory (e.g. why are people at risk of homelessness?) 4. Evaluation (e.g. does intervention “x” reduce homelessness?) |
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What is the difference between evaluation and research? |
No IRB and not submitting for publication. Evaluation is typical done in-house |
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What is evidence-based practice? |
The conscientious, explicit, and judicious use of best evidence in making social work practice decisions |
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What is scientific knowledge? |
1. It is objective 2. It is systematic 3.It's empirical 4. It searches for causes |
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What are different sources of knowledge? |
1. Scientific 2.Tradition 3. Experience 4. Common Sense 5. Journalism |
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What is applied research? |
Conducting research with a goal in mind |
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What is social research? |
Social research is the systematic examination(or reexamination) of empirical data, collected bysomeone firsthand, concerning the social or psychological forces operating in a situation. |
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What are nominal definitions? |
Nominal (conceptual) definitions are verbal definitions in which scientists agree that one set of words or symbols will be used to stand for another set of words or symbol |
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What are operational definitions? |
Operational definitions are definitions that indicate the precise procedures, or operations, to be followed in measuring a concept. |
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What are the units of analysis? |
1. Individuals 2. Groups 3. Programs 4. Organizations 5. Social Artifacts |
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What is non-positivist paradigm? |
Qualitative research |
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What is positivist paradigm? |
Quantitative research |
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What is experiential knowledge? |
Knowledge gained through first hand experience |
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What is a hypothesis? |
A testable statement of a presumed relationships between two or more operationally defined variables |
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Is there a hypothesis in qualitative research? |
No |
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What is cross-sectional research? |
Cross-sectional focuses on a cross section of a population at one point in time. |
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What is Longitudinal research? |
Longitudinal research involves gathering data over an extended period |
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What is a concept? |
Concept: A mental construct or image developed to symbolize ideas, persons, things, events, or processes. |
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What is a variable? |
Concepts measured in research that vary(i.e., a concept that is characterized different attributes [categories, values]) are the products of operational definitions |
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What is measurement? |
Measurement is the process of describing abstract concepts in terms of specific indicators by the assignment of numbers or other symbols to these indicants in accordance with rules. |
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What are 3 ways of measuring? |
Verbal Reports Observation Archival Records |
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Example of Nominal Measure |
Race or Gender |
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Example of Ordinal Measure |
Socio Economic Class (Upper-class, middle class, lower class) |
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Example of Interval Measure |
Thermomator |
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Example of Ratio Measure |
Prison sentence length Annual Income |
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What is Reliability? |
Reliability refers to a measure's ability to yield consistent results each time it is applied |
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What is Validity? |
Validity refers to the accuracy of a measure: Does it accurately measure the variable that it is intended to measure |
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What is a quasi-experimentl design? |
Similar to RCT without randomization Multiple groups No randomization Easier to implement Harder to interpret andmake strong inferences |
