Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What occurs with NO in accordance with asthma?
|
inc exhaled NO
|
|
|
B-agonists target what in astham?
|
cause smooth muscle relaxation
|
|
|
What can often be found in airways of asthmatics, even when asthma is quiet?
|
mucus
|
|
|
Describe the bronchial reactiveness in asthma
|
hyperreactive (can have dynamic narrowing)
|
|
|
PFT readings on asthma
|
obstructive (inc TLC, FRC, RV)
decreased peak flow and FEV1 |
|
|
Describe auto-peep.
|
Inc end expiratory pressure w/ inc respiratory rate
|
|
|
What must be monitored with asthmatic patients on ventilator?
|
ensure that there is enough time to exhale, otherwise too much filling
|
|
|
Key feature in asthma on PFT
|
response to bronchodilator
|
|
|
Describe general course of COPD responsiveness to bronchodilators.
|
varies, can change reversibility status over time
|
|
|
Why corticosteroids v. B-adrenergic agonists?
|
steroids prevent late phase reaction for asthmatics
|
|
|
Asthmatic response to methacholine
|
dec flow rates at conc that don't affect nonasthmatics
|
|
|
Asthmatic response to histamine and acetylcholine
|
mimics naturally occurring asthma; correlates w/ severity of disease
|
|
|
What inflammatory component is missing in asthma?
|
T-bet, a transcription factor for IFN-gamma (for Th1)
|
|
|
Basement membrane changes in asthma
|
thickened
|
|
|
Eosinophil crystals
|
Charcot-Leyden crystals
|
|
|
creola body
|
coughed up ciliated cells
|
|
|
Which type of asthma have a family hx of asthma + hx of specific allergic triggers?
|
extrinsic (usually at young age)
|
|
|
What type of asthma follows a severe respiratory illness with no allergic hx? (usually adult onset)
|
intrinsic asthma
|
|
|
Which type of asthma is associated with skin responses?
|
extrinsic
|
|
|
What are some factors favor the Th2 phenotype, which can lead to allergic disease?
|
widespread antibiotics
Western lifestyle urban environment diet sensitization to house dust mites |
|
|
What are some factors favor the Th1 phenotype, which can lead to protective immunity?
|
presence of older siblings
early exposure to day care Tb, measles, HepA infection rural environment |
|
|
Best tx for asthma
|
combined inhaled CS and long acting b2 agonists (LABA)
|
|
|
What can happen to O2 sats as FEV1 improves w/ bronchodilator rx?
|
drop due to V/Q mismatch
|
|
|
Symptoms and tx for salicylate senstivitiy
|
asthma-like, HA, nasal congestion, changes in skin color, itching/rash/hives, stomach pain
avoiding salicylate products (lots) |
|
|
General omalizumab mechanism; which pt can this help?
|
binds to free IgE, reducing high-affinity receptors and mediator release;
works mainly for extrinsic asthma |
