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8 Cards in this Set
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- 3rd side (hint)
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Transudative pleural effusion causes |
CHF PE PERITONEAL DIALYSIS CIRRHOSIS HYPOALBUMINEMIA Nephrotic syndrome Atelectasis |
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Emphysema definition |
permanent enlargement of air spaces distal to terminal bronchioles due to destruction of alveolar walls. |
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Wheeze dd |
asthma copd chf lung ca cardiomyopathies |
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Caauses of bronchiectais |
1. Recurrent infections (airway obstruction, immunodeficiency, allergic bronchopul-monary aspergillosis, mycobacterium) 2. Cystic fibrosis (CF) is most common cause of bronchiectasis (accounts for half of all cases) 3. Primary ciliary dyskinesia (e.g., Kartagener syndrome) 4. Autoimmune disease (rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, Crohn disease, etc.) 5. Humoral immunodeficiency (abnormal lung defense), airway obstruction |
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bronchiectasis clinical features |
1.Chronic cough with large amounts of mucopurulent, foul-smelling sputum 2. dyspnea 3.hemoptysis 4. Recurrent or persistent pneumonia |
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Paraneoplastic syndrome associated with lung cancer |
1.SIADH 2.ectopic ACTH 3.PTH like hormone secretion 4.hypertrophic pulmonary ostearthropathy 5.eaton lambert syndrom 6.digital clubbing |
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Lights criteria for exudative pleural effusion |
•Protein(pleural)/protein(serum)>0.5 •LDH(pleural)/LDH(serum)>0.6 •LDH> two-thirds the upper limit of normal serum LDH |
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Causes of exudative pleural effusion |
Bacterialpneumonia,TB •Malignancy,metastaticdisease •Viralinfection•PE •Collagenvasculardiseases |
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