Reproductive Systems

Front 1

endometrium

Back 1

inner glandular layer of the inner wall of the uterus; has two parts:
1- Functional zone (innermost)
2- Basilar zone

Front 2

Functional Zone of Endometrium

Back 2

innermost layer; contains uterine glands and contributes to this layer's thickness. Supplied by spiral arteries

Front 3

Basilar Zone of Endometrium

Back 3

Outer Endometriume; connects the functional zone to the myometrium;
-Fed by straight arteries.

Front 4

Bloody Supply to Uterus

Back 4

Uterine Artery branches from Int. Iliac
-Gives arcuate branches in myometrium;
-Give straight and spiral branches to basilar and functional zones of endometrium.

Front 5

round ligaments of the uterus

Back 5

-lateral uterine sides; just inferior to base of uterine tubes (fallopian).
-pass through inguinal canal to connective tissue of external genitalia.

Front 6

Vagina

Back 6

a musculomembranous canal from the cervix to the vestibule of external genitalia

Front 7

External genitalia (5)

Back 7

mons pubis
labia majora
labia minora
clitoris
vestibule

Front 8

mons pubis

Back 8

the fat pad over the pubic bone

Front 9

labia majora

Back 9

outer layer of tissue

Front 10

labia minora

Back 10

inner layer of tissue

Front 11

clitoris

Back 11

the emale homologue of the penis

Front 12

vestibule

Back 12

Two holes:
-a. urethral orifice
-b. vaginal orifice
and Glands:
-Vestibular glands; embedded in vaginal walls, secrete lubrication

Front 13

tunica albuginea

Back 13

dense white connective tissue covering ovaries; aids in the naturation of eggs.

Front 14

Fallopian (uterine) tube

Back 14

permits the passage of an ovum from the peritoneal cavity to the uterus

Front 15

isthmus

Back 15

most narrow part of the uterine tube; becomes the ampulla

Front 16

ampulla

Back 16

extends from the isthmus (off the fundus of uterus) to the infundibulum (near the end of the uterine tube).

Front 17

infundibulum and fimbria

Back 17

the end of the road; end of fallopian tube

Front 18

broad ligament

Back 18

covers the ovaries, ligaments, and uterine structures from a posterior view.

Front 19

uterus

Back 19

the organ in which the fertilized ovum will implant

Front 20

fundus

Back 20

the superior portion of the uterus

Front 21

isthmus

Back 21

constriction of uterus that divides the superior fundus from the inferior cervix; beginning of the fallopian tube

Front 22

cervix

Back 22

inferior portion of the uterus

Front 23

fornix

Back 23

recess around the circular opening of the cervix

Front 24

Layers of the Uterus

Back 24

Perimetrium
Myometrium
Endometrium

Front 25

Perimetrium

Back 25

serous membrane continuous with peritoneal lining; outermost layer of the uterus; connective tissue

Front 26

myometrium

Back 26

thickest layer of the uterus; smooth muscle in its wall

Front 27

testes

Back 27

paired organs located in the scrotum for a cooler environment.

Front 28

tunica albuginea

Back 28

white coat of fascia that surrounds the testes; covered by tunica vaginalis.

Front 29

tunica vaginalis

Back 29

a serious membrane; double layer that covers both testes and also lines the scrotal cavity

Front 30

cremaster muscle

Back 30

continuous with abdominis rectus, this muscle senses temp changes to maintain the needed environment for testes. Just under the skin of the testes; covers the actual testes.

Front 31

epididymus

Back 31

has a head, body, tail.
stores sperm cells

Front 32

Seminiferous tubules

Back 32

roughly 800 tightly coiled tubules in the testes; produce sperm via spermatogenesis.

Front 33

interstitial cells

Back 33

found between seminiferous tubules; produce testosterone.

Front 34

Sertoli sustenticular cells

Back 34

supporting cells of the seminiferous tubules and testes. support the process of spermatogenesis.

Front 35

Spermatogenesis

Back 35

a stem cell becomes a spermatocyte, then a spermatid.

Front 36

Spermiogenesis

Back 36

a Spermatid matures; becomes a spermatozoan.

Front 37

Spermiation

Back 37

The spermatozoan distaches from the wall of sustenticular cells and is released into the seminiferous tubule lumen; its now a sperm cell.

Front 38

Amount of semen constituent produced by testes

Back 38

5%

Front 39

spermatozoan anatomy

Back 39

head, middle piece, tail

Front 40

head of spermatozoan

Back 40

contains the nucleus; densly packed chromosomes. also, the acrosome; contains enzymes released to break down ovocytes.

Front 41

tail of spermatozoan

Back 41

flagellum

Front 42

accessory glands of male reprod. system

Back 42

seminal vesicle
prostate gland
bulbourethral gland

Front 43

epididymus

Back 43

lays overtop of the testes inside scrotum; Head, Body, and tail.
Stores sperm cells until they mature.

continuous w/ vas deferens.

Front 44

vas deferens

Back 44

-begins at epididymus tail; runs up into abdominal cavity through inguinal canal; part of spermatic cord.
-Loops over the bladder to the seminal vesicle.

Front 45

vas deferens

Back 45

-begins at epididymus tail; runs up into abdominal cavity through inguinal canal; part of spermatic cord.
-Loops over the bladder to the seminal vesicle.

Front 46

seminal vesicle

Back 46

empties its contents, 60% of semen, into the junction of the vas deferens ampulla at the start of the ejaculatory duct.

Front 47

prostate gland

Back 47

constitutes 30% of semen

Front 48

bulbourethral gland

Back 48

contributes 5% of semen

Front 49

Structure of Urethra

Back 49

3 parts:
-Prostatic
-Membranous
-Penile

Front 50

Prostatic Urethra

Back 50

Behind/under the bladder, where ejaculatory duct and seminal vesicle ducts join to flow into the prostatic urethra.

Front 51

Penis

Back 51

male organ serving reproductive and urinary function

Front 52

prepuce

Back 52

foreskin

Front 53

glans

Back 53

tip

Front 54

external urethral meatus

Back 54

opening of penis

Front 55

corpora cavernosa

Back 55

two cavernous bodies; columns of erectile tissue that extend the length of the top of the penis; function in erection.

Front 56

corpus spongiosum

Back 56

erectile tissue, but this surrounds the penile urethra, under the corpora cavernosa. During erection these squeeze the urethra shut so urine is not ejected along with semen.

Front 57

Inguinal canals.

Back 57

links the scrotum to the peritoneal cavity. Spermatic cord passes through it from superficial ring to internal. A weakening in the abdominal fascia, can result in hernias.

Front 58

Inguinal canals.

Back 58

links the scrotum to the peritoneal cavity. Spermatic cord passes through it from superficial ring to internal. A weakening in the abdominal fascia, can result in hernias.

Front 59

Superficial inguinal ring

Back 59

where the spermatic cord exits from peritoneal cavity and internal ring via inguinal canal to testes.

Front 60

Spermatic cords (5 contents)

Back 60

passes from internal inguinal ring to superficial via inguinal canal; contains
-Testicular artery/vein
-Vas Deferens
-Pampiniform Plexus of veins
-Iliohypogastral/Genitofemoral Nerves.
-Lympathic vessels

Front 61

Ovarian ligamnt

Back 61

connects the ovaries to the uterus

Front 62

suspensory ligament

Back 62

connects the ovaries to the abdominal wall and superiorly; contains the ovarian artery/vein