Reproductive System - Female

Front 1

ovaries

Back 1

paired organs that produce gametes and the hormones estrogen and progesterone

Front 2

fallopian tubes

Back 2

tubes that transport the ovum to the uterus

Front 3

uterus

Back 3

hollow muscular organ where the fetus matures

Front 4

vagina

Back 4

muscular tube that passes from the cervical opening to the uterus and to the outside of the body

Front 5

cervix

Back 5

tapered distal portion of the uterus

Front 6

endometrium

Back 6

inner lining of the uterus that undergoes changes based on the menstrual cycle

Front 7

eggs

Back 7

gametes or oval

Front 8

estrogen

Back 8

female hormone secreted by the ovary, it is responsible for typical female sexual characteristics

Front 9

progesterone

Back 9

a female hormone that prepares and maintains the uterus for pregnancy

Front 10

mesentery

Back 10

double layer of peritoneum that acts as a structural support for the ovaries

Front 11

mesovarium

Back 11

portion of the broad ligament of the uterus that reflects onto and suspends the ovary

Front 12

suspensory ligament

Back 12

a fold of peritoneum that extends out from the ovary to the wall of the pelvis

Front 13

infundibulopelvic ligament

Back 13

another name for suspensory ligament

Front 14

ovarian ligament

Back 14

a fibrous ligament that connects the ovary to the lateral surface of the uterus.

Front 15

utero-ovarian ligament

Back 15

another name for ovarian ligament

Front 16

cortex

Back 16

outer portion of an organ

Front 17

medulla

Back 17

inner part of an organ

Front 18

stroma

Back 18

connective tissue of the cortex that contains many ovarian follicles in various stages of development

Front 19

graafian follicle

Back 19

matured ovarian follicle that produces the female hormone estrogen

Front 20

corpus luteum

Back 20

the ruptured ovarian follicle that produces the female hormone progesterone

Front 21

oviducts

Back 21

another name for the fallopian tubes

Front 22

ampulla

Back 22

the longest portion of the fallopian tube

Front 23

infundibulum

Back 23

funnel-shaped distal end of the fallopian tube

Front 24

fundus

Back 24

upper most portion of the uterus

Front 25

proliferative

Back 25

stage in the menstrual cycle where the endometrium rapidly regenerates and the blood supply increases

Front 26

fornix

Back 26

recessed area around the cervix

Front 27

vestibular

Back 27

lubricating glands for the fornix

Front 28

Bartholin's gland

Back 28

lubricating glands for the fornix

Front 29

vulva

Back 29

part of the female reproductive system called the external genitalia

Front 30

mons pubis

Back 30

pad of connective tissue that covers the symphysis pubis and (after puberty) supports the coarse pubic hair

Front 31

perineum

Back 31

area between the thighs to the anus

Front 32

sebaceous glands

Back 32

glands which secrete a greasy, lubricating substance

Front 33

prepuce

Back 33

a covering fold of skin of the clitoris

Front 34

mammary

Back 34

glands located within the breasts that are modified sweat glands

Front 35

integumentary

Back 35

the skin

Front 36

lactation

Back 36

secretion of milk from the breasts for nourishment of infants

Front 37

areola

Back 37

circular pigmented area that surrounds the nipple

Front 38

gravida

Back 38

a pregnant woman

Front 39

parity

Back 39

pregnancy outcome

Front 40

puberty

Back 40

the time when secondary sex changes begin

Front 41

menarche

Back 41

the establishment or beginning of menstrual function

Front 42

menopause

Back 42

cessation of menstruation, generally occurring at approximately age 50

Front 43

Papanicolaou smear

Back 43

This test examines the cells of the female tract to determine if there are any precancerous or cancerous lesions

Front 44

mammograms

Back 44

radiographs of the breasts to check for lesions

Front 45

bimanual

Back 45

examination with both hands in order to palpate the uterus

Front 46

estradiol

Back 46

the most potent naturally-occurring estrogen in humans

Front 47

FSH

Back 47

Follicle-stimulating hormone secreted by the hypothalamus that enables follicles to develop properly

Front 48

luteal phase

Back 48

named for the corpus luteum and is also knows as the postovulatory phase

Front 49

hysterosalpingogram

Back 49

a dye-test with visualization of the tubes and uterus by x-ray

Front 50

laparoscopy

Back 50

examination of the interior of the abdomen or pelvis with a scope

Front 51

chromotubation

Back 51

a dye-test of the tubes under direct or camera visualization

Front 52

human chorionic gonadotropin

Back 52

hormone present in the blood that indicates pregnancy

Front 53

gestation

Back 53

the time from the first day of the mother's last menstrual cycle through birth

Front 54

para

Back 54

each delivery of a fetus after 20 weeks of gestation

Front 55

abortus

Back 55

each loss of a fetus

Front 56

maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein

Back 56

a blood test to check the levels of alpha-fetoprotein, which, if elevated, can indicate neural tube defect, multiple fetuses, or incorrect dates

Front 57

amniocentesis

Back 57

a needle aspiration of the uterus to obtain amniotic fluid for determination of abnormalities

Front 58

amniotomy

Back 58

delivery of a mucous plug and rupture of the bag of waters performed by the physician

Front 59

breech

Back 59

presentation of the infant buttocks first

Front 60

vertex

Back 60

presentation of the infant with the crown of the head/shoulder first

Front 61

effacement

Back 61

obliteration and change of the cervix that occurs during labor

Front 62

dilation

Back 62

the amount of opening of the cervix during labor, measured in centimeters according to the width and diameter of the cervix

Front 63

external os

Back 63

external orifice

Front 64

episiotomy

Back 64

surgical incision into the perineum and vagina

Front 65

forceps

Back 65

an instrument with two blades and a handle for grasping the baby's head

Front 66

placenta

Back 66

organ through which blood, nutrients, and fluids are shared between the mother and fetus and waste is removed

Front 67

Apgar score

Back 67

assessment of the newborn in numerical expression

Front 68

postpartum

Back 68

period for the mother after childbirth

Front 69

lochia

Back 69

vaginal discharge during the first one to two weeks after childbirth

Front 70

vasectomy

Back 70

surgical procedure performed on men to prevent the transfer of sperm via intercourse

Front 71

tubal ligation

Back 71

surgical procedure performed on women to prevent pregnancy