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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is homologous?
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refers to some maturing reproductive system structures are derived from common developmental structures and serve a common function in adults.
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what are some examples of homologous structures?
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ovaries: testes (production of gametes and sex hormones)
clitoris: glans of penis (contain autonomic nervous system axons that stimulate feelings of arousal and sexual climax) labia majora: scrotum (project and cover some reproductive structures) Vestibular glands: bulbourethral glands (secrete mucin for lubrication |
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What do the gonads produce?
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sex cells called gametes and large amounts of sex hormones (estrogen and progesterone in females and androgens in the male), which affect maturation, development, and changes in the activity of the reproductive system organs.
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When the gametes unite, what is formed?
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a new individual
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What are female gametes called/
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oocytes
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What are male gametes called?
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sperm
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What is sperm?
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male gamete (sex cell)
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What is an oocyte?
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female gamete (sex cell)
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What are the gonads?
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primary sex organs (ovaries in females testes in males)
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What affect maturation, development, and changes in the activity of the reproductive system organs?
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sex hormones (estrogen and progesterone in females and androgens in the male)
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What are the female sex hormones called?
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estrogen and progesterone
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What are the male sex hormones called?
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androgens
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Both reproductive system have what structures to carry gametes away from the gonads toward the site of fertilization (in females) or simply outside the body (in males)
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accessory reproductive organs, including ducts
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When does fertilization occur?
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when male and female gametes meet
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Both the female and male reproductive systems are primarily nonfunctional and dormant until what time?
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puberty
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What happens at puberty/
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external sex characteristics become more prominent, such as breast enlargement in females and pubic hair in both sexes, and the reproductive organs become fully functional
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When do females experience their first menstrual bleeding and what is it called?
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menarche
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what areas of the brain initiates puberty?
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hypothalamus and anterior pituitary glands
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What part of the brain initiates puberty?
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hypothalamus and anterior pituitary gland
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Both reproductive systems produce gametes, but what is the difference between male and female?
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female: releases a single gamete (oocyte) monthly
male: produces gametes (sperm) daily |
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What happens if the male gametes are not expelled from the body within that period?
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they are resorbed
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What are some significant differences in the female and male production of gametes?
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female: born w/ mostly fixed number of immature oocytes and releases them from puberty (11-12 yrs) until menopause (45-55)
Male: male produces sperm his whole life |
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What is menopause?
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termination of ovulation and a woman's monthly cycles
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When a female is on her period, what is she releasing monthly
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oocyte
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What is the release of a mature oocyte called?
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ovulation
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What is a diamond-shaped area between the thighs that is circumscribed anteriorly by the pubic symphysis, laterally by the ischial tuberosities, and posterior by the coccyx?
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perineum
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What forms the perineum anteriorly, laterally and posteriorly?
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ant: pubic symphysis
lat: ischial tuberosities, post: coccyx |
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What is the urogenital traingle?
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anterior triangle that contains the urethral and vaginal orifices in females and the base of the penis and scrotum in males
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What is the posterior triangle called, and waht does it contain?
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anal triangle, location of the anus in both sexes
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