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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what are gonads? |
organs where gametes develop |
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what are gametes? |
haploid cells |
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what do 2 gametes form? |
zygote or diploid |
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in a normal cell, how many chromosomes are there? |
46 |
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in a reproductive cell, how many chromosomes are there? |
23 |
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what are male gonads called? |
testes |
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what do testes make? |
testosterone and sperm |
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where are the testes located? |
scrotum |
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why are the testes in the scrotum? |
to keep the sperm cool |
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what is each teste made up of? |
seminiferous tubules |
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what does the epididymus do? |
store and mature sperm |
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how do sperm leave the epididymus? |
through the vas deferens |
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semen contains sperm and secretions from what 3 things? |
prostate, cowper's gland, seminal vessicle |
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what do the secretions do for the sperm? |
nourish it and protect it from the acidity of women's reproductive system |
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what is ejaculation? |
muscular contraction that rids semen |
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what are the female gonads? |
ovaries |
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what do the ovaries do? |
make eggs |
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what are follicles? |
egg sacs |
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how many follicles are there per one ovary? |
200,000 |
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what kind of eggs are in each follicle? |
immature |
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are follicles present at birth? |
yes |
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what is ovulation? |
when a follicle breaks open and the egg is released |
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what moves the eggs? |
cilia in the fallopian tubes |
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how long is the egg able to be fertilized once it breaks from the follicle? |
24 hours |
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where is an egg fertilized? |
oviduct |
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where are the oviducts located? |
near the ovaries |
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where does the egg go after the oviduct? |
uterus |
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describe the uterus |
thick-walled and muscular |
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if the egg is fertilized, where does it develop? |
uterus |
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what is the bottom of the uterus called? |
cervix |
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what is the bottom of the cervix called? |
vagina |
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why are periods every 28 days? |
a mature egg leaves the ovaries every 28 days |
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what passes from the body during a period? |
lining of the uterus |
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what are the 4 stages of a period? |
follicle ovulation corpus luteum menstruation |
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what happens during the follicle stage of menstruation? |
follicle-stimulating hormone causes follicles to develop and estrogen is secreted, stimulating the development of the uterine lining |
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what happens during the ovulation stage of menstruation? |
follicle-stimulating hormone levels are decreased, and leuteinizing hormone is secreted |
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what happens during the corpus luteum stage? |
broken follicle fills with cells and forms a yellow body |
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what does progesterone do? |
maintains uterine lining and stops development of follicles |
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in what stage is progesterone released? |
corpus luteum |
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what is the menstruation stage? |
lining breaks down and egg and blood pass |
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who experiences periods? |
humans and primates |
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what do animals other than humans and primates experience? |
estrous cycles twice per year |
