Reproductive System

Front 1

Structure of Ovary

Back 1

Germinal epithelium, Tunica Albuginea, Stroma

Front 2

Germinal Epithelium

Back 2

outer layer of simple cuboidal epithelium cells

Front 3

Tunica Albuginea

Back 3

Conective Tissue deep to epithelial layer

Front 4

Stroma

Back 4

Cortex-Rise to gametes
Medulla -no follicles, highly vascular

Front 5

Ovary attachments

Back 5

Ovarian ligament, Suspensory ligament, Broad ligament

Front 6

Ovarian ligament

Back 6

Extends from Uterus to ovaries

Front 7

Suspensory ligament

Back 7

Frimbrae to ovary

Front 8

Broad ligament

Back 8

attaches ovaries to pelvic floor and pelvic wall

Front 9

OOgenesis

Back 9

Ovum production

Front 10

OOgonia

Back 10

Stem cells in female complete mitosis. 3-7 months of fetal devlopment

Front 11

Primary OOcyte

Back 11

abouth 2 million present at birth. undergoes atresia

Front 12

Atresia

Back 12

degeneration of primary oocyte
400000 at birth

Front 13

Secondary oocyte

Back 13

ovulated mid-cycle each month from alternating ovaries

Front 14

Ovum

Back 14

Complete meiosis II after fertilization

Front 15

Follicle

Back 15

oocyte surrounded by layer of cells

Front 16

primordial follicle

Back 16

primary oocyte and single layer of folicular cells

Front 17

Primary Follicle

Back 17

Primary oocyte and more layers

Front 18

Secondary Folicle

Back 18

1 degree oocyte and even more layers

Front 19

Tertiary or mature Graafaian follicle

Back 19

Fluid filled Antrum

Front 20

Polar Body

Back 20

Non functional structure that desintegrates

Front 21

Ovarian cycle

Back 21

after puberty monthly activation of different glycoproteins and primordial follicles

Front 22

Follicular Phase

Back 22

Preovulatory phase

Front 23

step 1 follicular phase

Back 23

FHS stimulates development of primary follicle

Front 24

Step 2 follicular phase

Back 24

Only few of 1 degree developes to 2nd degree follicle

Front 25

Step 3 follicular phase

Back 25

Rising LH level, 2nd degree oocyte plus polar bodies

Front 26

Step 4 follicular phase

Back 26

Ovulation, release of 2nd degree oocyte into pelvic cavity

Front 27

Luteal Phase

Back 27

step 5 formation of Corpus Luteum

Front 28

Corpus Luteum

Back 28

yellow body with progeterone and some estrogen produced

Front 29

Step 6 Luteal phase

Back 29

Degeneration of Corpus Luteum, if not pregnant, 12 days after ovulation

Front 30

Corpu Albicans

Back 30

Scar tissue

Front 31

Uterine Tubes

Back 31

Fallopian tubes or Oviducts- conveys eggs toward uterus

Front 32

REgions of Uterine Tube

Back 32

Infundibulum,
Ampulla,
Isthmus

Front 33

Infundibulum

Back 33

expanded funnel at ovary

Front 34

Fimbriae

Back 34

Fingelike properties by infundibulum

Front 35

Ampulla

Back 35

Middle segment of Uterine tube

Front 36

Istmus

Back 36

Uterine tube which connects to the uterus

Front 37

Histology of Uterine tubes

Back 37

Ciliated Columnar epithelial cells, smooth muscles, transport of oocyte, Peristalsis and action of cilia

Front 38

Uterus

Back 38

Hollow muscular organ that receives the embryo that has been fertilized in uterine tube

Front 39

Uterus Structure

Back 39

Fundus, Body, Cervix

Front 40

Fundus of uterus

Back 40

Superior rounded portion

Front 41

Body of Uterus

Back 41

Largest Center region of Uterus

Front 42

CErvix of Uterus

Back 42

Inferior portion of the uterus which extends into vagina

Front 43

Histology of Uterus

Back 43

Perimetrium,
Myometrium,
Endometrium

Front 44

Perimetrium of Uterus

Back 44

Serosa on fundus and poterior body

Front 45

Myometrium of uterus

Back 45

thick smooth muscle layer

Front 46

Endometrium of uterus

Back 46

Thin lining composed of Functional Zone and Basilar zone

Front 47

Functional zone of Endometrium

Back 47

Contains most glands(will be shed), no fertilization (menses)

Front 48

Basilar Zone of Endometrium

Back 48

Outer layer of Endometrium, next to Myometrium

Front 49

Uterine Cyle

Back 49

menstrual cycle - 28 days cycle of changes in endometrial structure

Front 50

Manses

Back 50

0-7 degeneration of functional zone
basilar zone not affected

Front 51

Proliferative Phase of uterine cycle

Back 51

day 7- 14, increase in epithelial cell,
response to rise in level of estrogen

Front 52

Estrogen

Back 52

Developing follicles

Front 53

Secretory phase of uterine cylcle

Back 53

day 14- 28, increase in gland & blood vessel,
response to progeterone and estrogen

Front 54

Vagina

Back 54

Fibromuscular tube that conveys uterine secretion, receives penis, provides channel for offspring

Front 55

Hymen of vagina

Back 55

Epithelial fold at external opening

Front 56

Rugae

Back 56

folds of stratified squamous epithelial cells (non-keratinized)

Front 57

Non- Keratinized

Back 57

Wet mucous membrane

Front 58

Muscularis layer of vagina

Back 58

Smooth muscle of vagina

Front 59

Acid environment of vagina

Back 59

inhibits sperm motility, retards bacterial growth,male - alkaline

Front 60

Female external Genitalia

Back 60

Labia majora, Labia minora,
Clitoris, Vestibule,

Front 61

Labia majora of Vulva

Back 61

Rounded folds of adipose tissue and skin, enclose and protect external reproductive parts

Front 62

Labia minora of vulva

Back 62

Flattened longitudinal folds between labia majora, well supplied blood vessels

Front 63

Clitoris of vulva

Back 63

Small projection at the anterior end of vulva, analogous to male penis, composed of two columns of erectile tissue

Front 64

Vestibule of vulva

Back 64

space between the Labia minora that encloses the vaginal and urethral openings, vestibular gland secretes mucos during sex

Front 65

hormonal control in female reproductive function

Back 65

hormonal regulation by GnRH and FSH

Front 66

GrNH

Back 66

Gonadotropin releasing hormone from hypothalamus, stimulate FSH and LH

Front 67

FSH

Back 67

Stimulates development of primordial follicles

Front 68

after primordial follicle

Back 68

Mature Graafian Follicles-> estrogen

Front 69

LH- Leutinizing Hormone

Back 69

causes ruptur of Graafian follicle->ovulation->corpus luteum

Front 70

Inhibin from developing follicle

Back 70

inhibits secretion of FSH

Front 71

Estrogen

Back 71

EStradiol, Estrone, Estriol -> stimulate growth(muscle, bone), maintain 2nd sex characteristics and structure and gland, Thickening of endometrium, develope breast and ductile system of mammary gland, inceased adipose tissue in breast thigh buttocks, incresed vascularization of skin

Hint 71

Estrogen is produced primarily by developing follicles in the ovaries, the corpus luteum, and the placenta. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulate the production of estrogen in the ovaries.

Front 72

Progesterone

Back 72

causes increased glands and vessels in endometrium -> Decrease FSH, BAsis for oral contraceptive

Front 73

HCG - Human Chrionic Gonadotropin

Back 73

rescues Corpus luteum, hormone by placenta,
maintains corpus Luteum

Front 74

Menopause - 40-50,

Back 74

reproductive cycle stop,
hot flashes, fatigue, no estrogen, progesterone,hormone therapy prevent effect on bone tissue, increase possibility for osteoperosis