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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name antiandrogens
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FINASTERIDE, FLUTAMIDE, KETOCONAZOLE, SPIRONOLACTONE
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MoA of FINASTERIDE
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5 alpha reductase inhibitor (dec conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone)
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Clinical uses of FINASTERIDE
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tx of BPH; male-pattern baldness (promotes hair growth)
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MoA of FLUTAMIDE
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nonsteroidal competitive inhibitor of androgens at testosterone receptor
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Clinical uses of FLUTAMIDE
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prostate carcinoma
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MoA of KETOCONAZOLE and SPIRONOLACTONE
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inhib steroid synthesis
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Clinical uses of KETOCONAZOLE and SPIRONOLACTONE
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polycystic ovarian syndrome to prevent hirsutism
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name a GnRH analog
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LEUPROLIDE
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effects of LEUPROLIDE when given in pulsatile vs. continuous fashion?
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pulsatile: GnRH agonist properties
continuous: GnRH antagonist properties |
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effects of pulsatile LEUPROLIDE on LH/FSH/estrogen
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suppress FSH and LH -> suppresses ovarian estrogen production
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clinical uses of LEUPROLIDE
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infertility (pulsatile), prostate cancer (continuous--use with flutamide), uterine fibroids
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toxicity of LEUPROLIDE
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antiandrogen, nausea, vomiting
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Rx for erectile dysfunction?
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SILDENAFIL, VARDENAFIL
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MoA of SILDENAFIL, VARDENAFIL
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inhib cGMP phophodiesterase, causing inc cGMP, smooth musc relaxation in the corpus cavernosum, increased blood flow, penile erection
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toxicity of SILDENAFIL, VARDENAFIL
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headache, flushing, dyspepsia, blue-green color vision; risk of life-threatening hypotension in pts taking nitrates
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MoA of CLOMIPHENE
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partial agonist at estrogen receptors in pit gland (functions as competitive inhibitor, blocking activation by stronger endogenous estrogens)
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effects of CLOMIPHENE on FSH/LH
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in premenopausal women, disrupts feedback inhibition to GnRH, increases release of FSH/LH-> stimulates ovulation (inc gametogenesis and steroidogenesis in ovaries)
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clinical uses of CLOMIPHENE
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tx of infertility (anovulation)
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CLOMIPHENE toxicity
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hot flashes, ovarian enlargement, multiple simultaneous pregnancies, visual disturbances
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Rx for postcoital abortifacient
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MIFEPRISTONE (RU-486)
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MoA of MIFEPRISTONE
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competitive inhibitor of progestins at progesterone receptors -> prevents implantation
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toxicity of MIFEPRISTONE
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heavy bleeding, GI effects (nausea, vomit, anorexia), abdominal pain
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advantages of oral contraception
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reliable, dec risk of endometrial and ovarian cancer, dec incidence of ectopic pregnancy, dec pelvic infections, regular menses
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disadvantages of oral contraceptives
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taken daily, no STD protection, inc triglycerides, depress, weight gain, nausea, HTN, hypercoagulable state
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uses of hormone replacement therapy (HRT)
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relief or prevention of menopausal sx (hot flashes, vaginal atrophy, etc), and osteoporosis (due to dec estrogen levels)
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risk of unopposed estrogen replacement therapy? what is done to avoid this?
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inc risk of endometrial cancer; add progesterone
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