Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
|
What is Abruptio Placentae and what are some common risk factors?
|
Premature detachment of placenta from implantation site which causes fetal death!
May be associated with DIC and other risk factors include smoking, hypertension and cocaine use! |
|
|
|
If you have a patient with painful bleeding in the 3rd trimester what should you suspect?
|
Abruptio placentae
|
|
|
|
What is Placenta Accreta?
|
Where you have a defective decidual layer and it allows the placenta to attach to the myometrium. Therefore there is no separation of placenta after birth.
|
|
|
|
What are risk factors for Placenta accreta?
|
Prior C-section, inflammation and placenta Previa
|
|
|
|
If a patient presents with massive bleeding after delivery what should you suspect?
|
Placenta accreta. Accreta means encased in, which makes sense because it is encased in the myometrium.
|
|
|
|
What is Placenta Previa
|
When the placenta attaches to the lower uterine segment. This is significant because it may occlude the internal os.
|
|
|
|
What are risk factors for placdenta previa?
|
Multiparity and prior C Section
|
|
|
|
If you see painless bleeding during any trimester what condition should you suspect?
|
Placenta Previa
|
|
|
|
What is the most common site of an ectopic pregnancy?
|
Fallopian tubes
|
|
|
|
When should you suspect an ectopic pregnancy?
|
When you see increased hCG and sudden lower abdominal pain, but it needs to be confirmed with ultrasound.
|
|
|
|
What is a major complication of retained placental tissue after delivery?
|
postpartum hemorrhage
|
|
|
|
What are the risk factors associated with ectopic pregnancy?
|
1) History of infertility
2) Salpingitis (PID) because of the scarring 3) Ruptured appendix 4) Prior tubal surgery 5) IUD use (because they cause inflammation to decrease chances of fertilization, thereby leading to more scarring later on) |
|
|
|
What is acute mastitis and what causes it?
|
Breast abscess that occurs during breast feeding. It is most commonly caused by s. aureus. There is an increased risk of bacterial infection through cracks in the nipple during early breast feeding.
|
|
|
|
What is Fat necrosis in the breast?
|
A benign painless lump that forms as a result of injury to the breast tissue.
|
|
|
|
What pharmaceutical drugs are known to cause gynecomastia?
|
Pneumonic is Some Drugs Create Awesome Knockers
S=Spironolactone D=Digitalis C=Cimetiddine A=Alcohol K=Ketoconazole |
|
|
|
What is the most common cause of breast lumps in women age 25 to menopause?
|
Fibrocystic disease or fibrocystic change.
|
|
|
|
What is the clinical symptomology of fibrocystic disease?
|
Premenstrual breast pain
multiple lesions often bilateral fluctuation in size of mass |
|
|
|
What are characteristics of fibroadenoma?
|
is is a benign breast tumor that is described as a small, mobile firm mass with sharp edges. It is the most common tumor in those < 25 years of age. This is not a precursor to breast cancer but it will increase in size and tenderness as estrogen levels increase.
|
|
|
|
What are the characteristics of intraductal papilloma?
|
It is a small benign breast tumor that grows in lactiferous ducts typically beneath the areola.
|
|
|
|
What do you see with someone who has an intraductal papilloma?
|
serous or bloody nipple discharge.
|
|
|
|
What are the characteristics of invasive ductal carcinoma?
|
it is a firm, fibrous, "rock hard" mass with sharp margins and small glandular, duct-like cells. It is the most common of the invasive carcinomas and it is the worst and most invasive.
|
|
|
|
What two main symptoms does one have with Uterine Fibroids?
|
1. Menorrhagia which is heavy prolonged periods
2. Distension and pressure symptoms. |
|
|
|
What is the diagnostic test of choice to diagnose uterine fibroids?
|
Transvaginal ultrasound
|
|
|
|
How do you treat asymptomatic Fibroids?
|
You don't! You simply follow them and only treat if you have increased bleeding, more pressure or have more painful bleeding than before. So if it becomes worse then you can treat with either GnRH agonists given in a continuous fashion or myomectomy.
|
|
|
|
Should you see bleeding in between periods with uterine fibroids?
|
NO! Should only see increased bleeding during your period (Menorrhagia)
|
|
|
|
What are the risk factors for Endometrial Cancer?
|
1. Unopposed Estrogen
2. PCOS 3. Obesity 4. Nullparity |
|
|
|
What should you do with a Woman >35 years old who comes in with heavy menses or mid-cycle bleeding?
|
An endometrial biopsy
|
|
|
|
What should you do with a postmenopausal Woman who comes in with vaginal bleeding
|
An endometrial biopsy
|
|
|
|
What is the Dx method of choice for endometrial cancer?
|
Endometrial Biopsy
|
|
|
|
What is the most common cause of vaginal bleeding in post menopausal women? Can you make this dx and leave it alone?
|
Atrophic vaginitis!
No cannot leave it alone. You still need to rule out endometrial cancer by doing an endometrial biopsy!!!!!! |
|
|
|
What is the most likely cause of bloody nipple discharge?
|
Intraductal Papilloma
|
|
|
|
What medications are contraindicated for UTI in pregnancy?
|
Fluoroquinolones which include cipro and levoquin
|
|
|
|
Which medications are safe to use in Pregnancy to treat UTI?
|
Amoxicillin, Nitrofurantoin, cephalexin.
|
Can potentially use TMP-SMX but there are some theoretical contraindications such as the fact that Trimethoprim has anti-folate properties and can potentially cause neural tube defects in first trimester, and Sulfa could potentially increase the unbound bilirubin in the 3rd trimester and lead to kernicterous but no case has ever been reported.
|
|
|
What medication is contraindicated in Pregnancy to treat DVT?
|
Warfarin (Coumadin). It has Teratogenetic features.
|
|
|
|
What hypertensive medications are safe to use in Pregnancy?
|
Remember the mnemonic: Hypertensive Mothers Love Nifedipine:
H = Hydralazine M = Methyldopa L = Labetalol N = Nifedipine |
|
|
|
What antihypertensives are contraindicated in pregnancy?
|
ACE, ARB, and Thiazides!!!!!
|
|
|
|
What is Terbutaline?
|
It is a tocolytic used to inhibit preterm pregnancy.
|
|
|
|
What ist he MOA of Terbutaline?
|
It is a Beta agonist used for labor inhibitionI
|
|
|
|
In which populations is Terbutaline contraindicated?
|
In patients with Cardiac Disease and poorly controlled DM
|
|
|
|
What are the Side effects of Terbutaline?
|
Maternal/fetal tachycardia
|
|
