Reproductive

Front 1

Epididymis, vas deferens, and ejaculatory duct (and urethra) are all what?

Back 1

Accessory Ducts

Front 2

Seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and bulbourethral glands are all what?

Back 2

Accessory Glands

Front 3

The sperm are surrounded by 2 tunicas. Name them

Back 3

Tunica Vaginalis
Tunica albuginae

Front 4

Testes:
Where spermatogenesis occurs
Where sperm is collected in the testes
Where sperm exit the testis
Produce androgens

Back 4

seminiferous tubules
rete testis
efferent ductules
interstitial cells

Front 5

The production of sperm
Begins at puberty (approx. 14 yrs. old)
Occurs in the testes at the seminiferous tubules

Back 5

Spermatogenesis

Front 6

During spermatogenesis, Spermatogonia divide by mitosis to become _____ which divide by meiosis to produce _____.
Spermatids are haploid, but nonmotile

Back 6

primary spermatocytes
spermatids

Front 7

_____ occurs in which spermatids shed their cytoplasm and gain a flagella resulting in sperm

Back 7

Spermiogenesis

Front 8

The Acrosome of the sperm is located where? Mitochondria are located where?

Back 8

The head
Midpiece

Front 9

Caps the testes and leads to the vas deferens where sperm cells mature

Back 9

Epididymus

Front 10

extends from the epididymis, enters the pelvic cavity and goes over the ureter and along the bladder where it forms the ampulla
Covered by the spermatic cord
Propels sperm towards the urethra

Back 10

Vas Deferens

Front 11

Formed by the fusion of the vas deferens and seminal vesicle
Enters into the prostate gland
muscular walls force sperm cells and fluid from the seminal vesicles into the urethra

Back 11

Ejaculatory Duct

Front 12

tube extending from the bladder to the end of the penis through the prostate gland
Conveys urine and semen

Back 12

Urethra

Front 13

_____ provide the major fraction of seminal fluid.
Functions:
Activate the sperm
Provide nutrients
Aid in movement of sperm and fluid along tract
Producing buffers

Back 13

Accessory Structures

Front 14

Accessory Glands:
1) paired glands that releases an alkaline secretion that mixes with sperm cells during ejaculation
2) encircles the urethra and excretes an alkaline fluid that helps activate the swimming movements of the sperm
3) two glands that excretes an alkaline, mucus-like fluid in the urethra in response to sexual stimulation
Neutralizes acid from urine in the urethra

Back 14

Seminal Vesicles
Prostate Gland
The Bulbourethral glands

Front 15

Male copulatory organ

Back 15

Penis

Front 16

Propulsion of semen from the male duct system
Contraction of ducts and accessory glands
Constriction of bladder sphincter muscle
Contraction of bulbospongiosus muscles

Back 16

Ejaculation

Front 17

Uterine tubes are also known as what?

Back 17

Fallopian Tubes

Front 18

The primary sex organ of the female reproductive system
Located in the upper portions of the pelvic cavity and held in place by ligaments

Back 18

Ovaries

Front 19

Site of oogenesis
Site of hormone production

Back 19

Ovaries

Front 20

Fetal Development of Oogenesis
_____:
Diploid stem cells that form before birth
_____:
Surrounded by follicle cells
Starts meiosis, but stops development at prophase of meiosis I

Back 20

Oogonia
Primary Oocyte

Front 21

Oogenesis at puberty:
Activated to continue meiosis I producing two haploid cells (secondary Oocyte and first polar body)
Secondary oocyte arrests in metaphase II and is ovulated

Back 21

Primary Oocyte

Front 22

Fertilization:
-Ovulated _____ completes meiosis II when penetrated by sperm
-The result is an _____ (containing all of the nutrient supplying cytoplasm) and _____
-Total of _____ polar bodies (two from the continued division of the first polar body plus the second polar body) produced
-Ovum is the only functional gamete

Back 22

secondary oocyte
ovum
second polar body
three

Front 23

The ovarian cycle is broken up into which parts?

Back 23

Follicular Phase and Luteal

Front 24

If fertilization occurs, _____ remains and stops uterine lining from _____. The hormone responsible for preventing this shedding is _____.

Back 24

corpus luteum
shedding
Perjesterone

Front 25

Corpus luteum becomes corpus _____ if fertilization doesn’t occur.

Back 25

albicans

Front 26

Which 2 hormones stimulate follicular growth?

Back 26

LH and FSH

Front 27

List the transition of follicles:

Back 27

Primordial Follicle, Primary Follicle, Secondary Follicle, then during puberty right before ovulation, you have vesicular follicle

Front 28

the inner lining of the uterus; provides a cushioned surface for implantation.

the smooth muscle layer

the outer layer.

Back 28

Endometrium

Myometrium

Perimetrium

Front 29

The increase in the endometrial lining is a result of the buildup of

Back 29

estrogen.