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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Where is the human genome encoded?
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DNA in nucleus
DNA in mitochondria |
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What is a "single copy" gene?
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most genes are encoded in the single copy component of the genome.
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What is a gene?
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It is part of the gene of a DNA sequence which caries instructions to make a final product (normally a protein but sometimes an RNA molecule)
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Which direction are genes transcribed?
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5 to 3
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What is the promotor region?
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the site at which RNA polymerase binds to DNA upstream of of the 5' end of a gene.
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What are transcription factors?
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regulate the binding of RNA polymerase to the promotor region.
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What are introns and exons?
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Introns remain in the nucleus and are spliced from the primary transcript. Exons are joined together and are exported for the nucleus.
Introns normally much larger than exons. |
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What are the spaces between genes?
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These are areas that contain no genes in-between areas of rich genetic information.
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What is repetitive DNA?
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DNA sequences present more than once in the genome
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What are tandemly repetitive DNA sequences?
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Where a DNA sequence is repeated so that one copy immediately follows an other. could be two copies or thousands.
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What is satellite DNA?
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a class of randomly repeating DNA where the repeat extends for a long distance. Contains no genes.
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What is the heterochromatin?
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area od DNA late to replicate, near the centromeres and containing large amounts of satellite DNA
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What are mini and micro satellites?
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Short blocks of tandem repeats scattered throughout the genome. Mini (repeat of20-50bp in block of 500bp-20kb) Micro (repeat of 1-6bp in blocks of 10-200 bp)
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