Reproduction Mazenod

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what is reproduction

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the process of parents producing new individuals

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Development

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the changes in body form and shape in the course of an organism's life

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growth

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Becoming larger and changing

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Metamorphosis

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changing form referring to changes in structure that happen as an organism develops into an adult

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Sexual reproduction

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Needs two parents

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Asexual reproduction

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Needing only one parent, means without sex

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sexual reproduction

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happens when a sperm from a male and a egg from a female join together in a process called fertilisation

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Fertilisation

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When sperm from a male and a egg from a female join together

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zygote

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A new cell resulting from fertilisation

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Fruit

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A structure in which seeds develope in plants

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Fruit

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remains of the ovary, plus all the seeds it contains

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A seed

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a capsule containing a new plant

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A embryo

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a seed capsule containing a new plant

 

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Stigma

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Site for pollen to be deposited

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petal

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Coloured parts that attract animals to allow pollination

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Anther

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produces pollen that contains the male gamete

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Filament

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holds the anther

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sepal

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covers the flower in the bud and protects it

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ovule

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the name for the egg in plants

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flower stalk

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supports and displays the flower

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germination

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the process of the embryo sprouting out of the seed

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Exernal fertilisation

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takes place outside the body such as fish fertilising eggs in water

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internal fertilisation

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Takes place inside the body, all land animals this type of fertilisation.

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Copulation

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the act of joining together of the male and female to transfer sperm

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Development

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the process in which the new individual changes to look like others of its type

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Asexual reproduction

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occurs when new indificula grows from part of the parent's body, doesn't invold sperm or eggs

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Sexual reproduction

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produces offspring that are different from each other, to help them survive in a changing environment

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hermaphrodites

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animals that have both male and female sex organs

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cross fertilisation

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the process of both animals passing sperm to each other and each having its eggs fertilised by the other

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Cross-fertilisation

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common in flowering plants

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Avoid self fertilisation

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by having the stigma mature at different times

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female reproduction system

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has the role of producing a baby

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eggs or ova

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produced in the ovaries

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ovaries

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Release only one ovum (egg) a month.

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follicle

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a capsule in which the female egg forms

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fallopian tubes or oviducts

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tubes down which the egg passes on its way to the uterus

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fallopian tube

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the place where the egg meets the sperm and becomes fertislised

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Testes

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the sperm are produced in here

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Testes

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also know as testicles

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scrotum

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a sac that contains the teste

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sperm duct

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a hollow tube through which the sperm leaves the body

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semen

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This is a mixture of sperm and other fluids

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Urethra

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the place through which sperm passes out of the body

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Puberty

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refers to the time in a person's life when they become able to reproduce

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Puberty for boys

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occurs when fertile sperm is able to be produced

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Puberty for girls

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is when the first ovulation occurs

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testosterone

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hormone that increases in males during puberty

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FSH and LH

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hormones that causes an increase in estrogen

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Biosecurity

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preventing pest and disease organism from entering our country

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development

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changes in body form and shape in an organism's life

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Egg

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female cell that must be fertilised to sart a life cycle

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growth

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an increase in body size

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Imago

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the adult stage in an insect life cyce (complete metaphorphosis)

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larva

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the second stage in an insect life cycle (complete metaphorphosis)

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life cycle

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the changes that happen to an indiviual from its formation until it has produced offspring similar to it

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Metamorphosis

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the changes in structure that happen as an organism develops into an adult

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nymph

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the stage of an insect life cycle that gradually develops into the adult without becoming a pupa (incomplete metamorphosis)

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pupa

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the stage in an insect lifecycle when the larva changes into an imago (complete metamorphosis)

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reproduction

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the process of parents producing new individuals or offspring

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Anther

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the part of the flower that produces the pollen

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Asexual reproduction

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a new individual growing from part of its one parents body with no joining of gametes

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copulation

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two individuals joining to allow gametes to becoming fertilised

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cross fertilisation

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when gametes from two separate individuals join together

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development

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the process by which the cell fromed by fertilisation divides and develops to begin to look like an adult

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embryo

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a developing offspring at a very early stage of development

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fertilisation

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the joining of gametes

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flower

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the reproductive structure in plants that makes male sex cells and female sex cells

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fruit

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the structure that the ovary of a flowering plant tyurns into as the seeds ripen

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germination

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when the young growing plant sprouts out of the seed

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hermaphrodite

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an individual with both male and female sex organs

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parthenogenesis

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where offspring develop from eggs that have not been fertilised by a male gamete. A form of asexual reproduction

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pollination

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transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma

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self-fertilisation

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when gamates from the same indiviual join together

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sexual reproduction

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 the process of a sperm and an egg joining together and then growing into a new individual

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stigma

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the flower part that receives the pollen

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style

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connects the stigma to the ovary

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zygote

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the first cell of the new individual after fertilisation

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cervix

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part of the uterus that keeps it closed while the baby is developing

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fallopian tubes (oviducts)

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tubes down which the egg passes and where fertilisation occurs

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hormones

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chemicals made in the body to control reproduction and physical characteristics

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implantation

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process of the blastocyst burrowing into the lining of the uterus

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menstrual cycle

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regular monthly changes in the hormones and reproductive organs of adult females

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menstruation

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blood and tissue loss from the lining of the uterus at the start of a menstrual cycle

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ovaries

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organs that produce the eggs or ova`

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Ovulation

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the egg bursting out of the follicle

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period

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shedding of blood and dead tissue fromt he lining of the uterus

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puberty

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the time in life when physical changes bring sexual materity

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semen

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a mixture of sperm and other fluid released from the penis

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sperm duct

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tube carrying sperm from the testes to the urethra

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testes

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male organs that produce the sperm

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uterus (womb)

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organ in which the fetus grows and develops

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vagina

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organ that allows the male penis to be inserted to deposit the sperm and also acts as the birth canal dwon which the baby passes

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afterbirth

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placenta expelled from the mother after birth

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amniotic fluid

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fluid surrounding the embryo that acts as a shock absorber and helps to maintian a constant temperature

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blastocyst

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a hollow ball of cells that becomes an embryo

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copulation

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two individuals joining together for sexual reproduction

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ejaculation

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process of sperm being squeezed out of the pensi

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embryo

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early stages of development before the major organ systems are formed

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fetal alchol syndrome

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damage caused by alcolhol in pregnancy where the baby is samll, has a small head, unusual facial features, and heart defects

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fetus

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stage of development when most of the major organs and systems are present

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gestation

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the time period from fertilisation to birth

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labour

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process leading to birth, from first contractions of the uterus to explusion of the afterbirth

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placenta

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membranes of the fetus and mother that allow nutrients and oxygen to be exchanged and waste to be removed

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sexual intercourse

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a male and femal copulating