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9 Cards in this Set
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CIN is associated with:
Risk factors for SCC: Most prevalent type of HPV in cervical carcinoma: First step in cervical eval: |
HPV 16, 18
early intercourse, smoking, low immunity, # of pregnancies HPV 16 - 50-60% Pap smear |
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next step of cervical eval:
Most common neoplasm of the female genital tract: S/S: Endometriosis interna, painful, very heavy menses, sudden onset bleeding: |
colposcopy
leiomyomata - T12:14 del 7q trisomy 12 asymptomatic bleeding, frequent pain, subfertility adenomyosis |
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What is a hyaditiform mole?
Explain 1st TM spontaneous abortions: |
tissue around a fertilized egg develops into abnormal cells instead of placenta - Molar pregnancy
30% of all gestations, cause unknown, cramping, bleeding, passage of tissue |
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4 essential concerns with pelvic masses:
Initial W/U: Usefulness of US, CT, MRI: |
age, tumor size, U/S features, Labs
PE - should include rectal exam radiology (U/S, MRI, CT) labs (CBC, hCG, tumor markers) US - inexpensive, cystic vs solid structures, ascites CT - other organs, eval retroperitoneum MRI - soft tissue lesions, safe in pregnancy, normal vs malignant, safe for women w/ IUD/surgical clips, no contrast |
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seen in epithelial tumors, Ab for Ag produced by coelomic epithelium, not an effective screening tool:
AFP is elevated in which tumor? HCG is elevated in: LDH is elevated in: Most frequent COD from gynecological ca: |
CA-125
endodermal sinus tumor choriocarcinoma dysgerminoma ovarian ca |
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median age of ovarian cancer:
ovarian enlargment in pre-menarchal female: 60-85% of ovarian cancers in pediatric and adolescent girls are what type? What % in adults? Most common benign tumor in reproductive aged women: |
52 y/o
benign cystic teratoma germ cell origin 20% in adults serous cystadenoma, then mature teratoma |
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Dermoid cysts are from what embryonic cells?
GI causes of pelvic masses: adnexal mass etiology: |
ectoderm
diverticular abscesses, appendix abscess, primary malignancy ectopic, abscess, peritubular cyst, endometrioma, round ligament fibroid, torsion, hydrosalpinx, Mullerian defect |
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Explain persistent unilocular ovarian cysts:
Who to refer to gynecologist/oncologist: |
common (3-17%), dm <5 cm, doesn't get bigger, normal CA-125
69% resolve, no risk of ovarian ca premenopausal women, CA-125 >50, ascites, evidence of abd/distant mets postmenopausal - CA-125 >35, ascites, mets |
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Explain correlation between cancer risk and age:
most common mass in pregnancy: when can unilocular cysts be just followed? |
get older, greater risk
dermoid <10 cm, stable, normal CA125 |
