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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is the intramenstrual interval?
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24-35 days (mean: 28 days)
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what is the duration of bleeding?
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2-7 days (mean: 5 days)
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what is the avg volume of bleeding?
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35 ml (> 80 ml is abnormal)
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what is the composition of the menstrum?
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nonclotting blood, endometrial debris, dead and living endometrial cells, transudative fluid
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time from menstruation to ovulation is called what (from point of view of uterus and ovary)?
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follicular (ovary)
proliferative (uterus) |
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time from ovulation to menstruation is called what (from point of view of uterus and ovary)?
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luteal (ovary)
secretory (uterus) |
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what is the source of hCG? where does it act?
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source: embryo
targets: ovary |
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what is the source of inhibin? where does it act?
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glycoprotein dimer
source: gonad target: gonad, pituitary (inhibits FSH production) |
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Quick! What does GnRH do?
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stimulates LH and FSH in the pituitary (when released in a pulsatile fashion)
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what heterodimers have the same alpha subunit?
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LH, FSH, hCG
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what does estradiol do in the uterus?
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causes endometrial proliferation
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T or F: high levels of estradiol suppress LH release
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False! high levels trigger LH release
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what induces female 2'ary sexual characteristics?
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estradiol
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what causes endometrial differentiation?
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progesterone
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what allows embryo implantation in the uterus?
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progesterone
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T or F: high levels of progesterone suppress pituitary LH and FSH
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True. This is how OCPs work!
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low levels of __ supress LH release; high levels trigger LH release
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estradiol
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Inhibin A is made in what?
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luteal cells
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__ inhibits pituitary FSH secretion
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inhibins
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what produces inhibin in the male?
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sertoli cells
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what drives granulosa cell production?
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FSH
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what drives theca cells to make androgens?
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LH
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what happens in the early follicular phase in the ovary?
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'++FSH drives growth of a follicular cohort
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what happens in the early follicular phase in the pituitary?
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FSH rises beginning a few days before day 1 due to falling levels of inhibin A and P and E2 from failing corpus luteum
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what happens in the early follicular phase in the uterus?
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'++E2 causes endometrial proliferation and hypertrophy
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what happens in the late follicular phase (d5-13) in the ovary?
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falling FSH levels result in selection of the follicle most sensitive to FSH (dominant follicle)
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what happens in the late follicular phase (d5-13) in the uterus?
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'++E2 causes endometrial proliferation and hypertrophy
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what happens in the late follicular phase (d5-13) in the pituitary?
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inhibins remain high and E2 rises, but FSH is decreased. increased LH production (but not release)
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what happens during ovulation in the ovary?
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the dominant follicle makes a TON of E2 which causes the LH surge
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what causes the LH surge?
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high levels of E2
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what causes the shedding of the endometrium?
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falling levels of progesterone
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as the dominant follicle fails, corpus luteum fails and what happens?
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lose E2 and progesterone which leads to rise in FSH and repeat the cycle
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