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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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uterine aspriation
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tenaculum holds anterior lip of cervix allowing more direct entry into uretus, dilator increases the size of cervix to allow for entry of aspirator; identify uterine contents (endometrium, placenta, fetus)
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medical abortion
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bleeding and uterine contractions that lead to explusion of pregnancy tissue; used for up to 63 days after gestation
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mifepristone (RU486)
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derivative of norethindrone, bulky side chains at 11C/17C positions, binds to progesterone with high affinity and does not activate receptor
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misoprostol
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prostaglandin e1 analog; causes uterine contractions; softens + primes cervix, prevents/treats ulcers, can lead to nausea/vomitting, diarrhea, fever, and chiills
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Induction
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admission to Labor and Delivery unit,
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PDE 5 Inhibitors
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vasodilation (used for erectile dysfunction, primary pulmonary hypertension and maybe CF, BPH)
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Ethinyl estradiol/mestranol
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prevents post-menopausal osteoporosis, increases HDL, decreases LDL, decreases fibrinogen, factor 8, plasminogen activor inhibitor-1 (pro-coagulants); increases thickness of externa/media layers of carotid artery (delays intima); decreased formation of angiotensin II, reverses ACh induced vasoconstriction of carotid artery
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raloxifene
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competes with E2, binds to ERE, acts as estrogen in bone/cvs, partial agonist, anti-estrogen in breast + uterus (tumorstatic not tumoricidal); changes bone density, lowers LDL
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tamoxifen
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competes with E2, binds to ERE, acts as estrogen in bone, cvs, uterus, partial agonist, anti-estrogen in breast (tumorstatic, not tumoricidal)
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letrozole, vorozole, arimidex
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block final step in estrogen synthesis catalyzed by CYParomatase; enzyme is a heme dependent mixed function oxidase that catalyzes a successive hydroxylation of T to yield E2
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flutamide
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prevents ARA70 binding to AR-T or AR-DHT complex; decrease in DHT --> increase in hair counts
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finasteride (proscar)
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type 2 5-alpha reductase is highly expressed in hair follicles, prostate; lowly expressed in sebaceous glands
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Male Condom
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STI protection, combined, inexpensive, widely available, no prescription
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Spermicides
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delivered via foam, cream, jelly, film, suppositories, or tablets
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Diaphragm
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insert well before, doesn't require immediate removal
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Cervical Cap
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insert well before, left in place for 48 hrs, no spermicide reapplication
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Female Condom
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non-latex, some STI protection, no prescription, before intercourse
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Copper IUD (Permaguard)
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highly effective, works as EC if inserted w/i 5 days, 12 yrs of contraception, immediately reversible
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fertility awareness based methods
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no side effects, 85-98% effective
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Yuzpe regimin
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prevents 75% of unintended pregnancies
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Progestin-only pill/plan B/levonorgestrel
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more effective than yuzpe, taken as a single dose, better tolerated
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Ulipristal acetate (ella)
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taken as a single dose, approved for up to 120 hrs post sex
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Estrogen + Progestin OC
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contraceptive efficacy, decreased menstrual flow, improved anemia, suppressed functional ovarian cysts, decreased acne/hirsutism, cancer protection
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Extended Cycle Pill (Seasonale)
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4 periods/yr, efficacy comparable w/ cyclic OC's, private, fewer menstrual realted effects than standard regime
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365-day pill
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0 periods/yr, comparable efficacy to cyclic OCs, private, fewer menstrual rated effects than standard
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contraceptive patch
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comparable efficacy to OCPs, weekly applicaition
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Vaginal Ring
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comparable efficacy to OCPs, lower rate of breakthrough spotting/bleeding, stays in 1 place for 3 wks (adherence), private
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Levonorgestrel IUD (Mirena)
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highly effective, in place for 5 yrs (limited adherence concerns), private, decreases menstrual blood loss
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depot medroxyprogesterone acetate
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highly effective, requires IM injection every 3 mo, private, avoids estrogen use, decreases endometrial cancer risk, menstrual changes
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Implanon
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effective immediately, rapid fertility return (cycle returns w/i 3 mo), continuous contraceptive protection for 3 yrs, inconspicious
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olaparib
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used to treat breast cancer in BRCA1/BRCA2 carriers
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