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8 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Most of the ethical controversy in stem cell research is what?
3 different views of rights of an embryo: Reasoning behind no special status; |
when human life begins
no special status special respect, but not a human fully human no nervous system, no capacity for suffering, consciousness |
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Explain "special respect" with respect to stem cells:
Explain an embryo's fully human status: Questions regarding "our common life": |
earliest stages (<14 d), not fully human person, but research is still tightly controlled
disabled persons, infants, coma patients, weakest members are still human; 14 days is arbitrary "instrumentation" of nascent life, slippery slope argument |
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Explain the ethical issue of woman exploitation:
Questions regarding just distribution of care: |
who will donate for therapeutic therapy, marginalized poor may sell eggs, their womb
entirely privately funded (not anymore), business will want return, widen gap between rich/poor, should money be spent on more basic needs |
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Ethical questions with reproductive cloning:
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Pro - individual freedom, can pass superior genetics
Con - safety, children as commodities? respect for the dignity of the child produced |
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Difference between totipotent and pluripotent cells:
What are multipotent cells? What are CBE's? |
totipotent - can make extra-embryonal material - entire organism
pluripotent - from 3 germ cell layers - inner mass cells committed to make cells with a certain function (blood cells) cells from umbilical cord, immunologically immature, can treat anemias, |
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Explain process of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT):
what is reproductive cloning? |
therapeutic cloning - somatic cell fused with oocyte, provides genetic info, oocyte provides nutrients; after fusion, cell is totipotent, develops into blastocyst, then ICM is taken out
intended to create human beings by cloned embryos - AAMC and NAS recommend ban on this |
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Problems in using adult stem cells?
Some diseases currently being treated in mice using stem cells: Some other adult sources of stem cells: |
not pluripotent, can't multiply as much, minute quantities, can't regulate cell fates during organogenesis
stroke, neuronal damage, MI, Parkinson's testicle tissue, menstrual blood, amniotic fluid |
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Problems in turning skin cells into stem cells:
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can the technique be made for human cells
interbreeding needs infection with gene-carrying virus can become cancerous (20% of mice got cancer) |
