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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What's the relative incidence of the top three gynecological tumors?
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Endometrial > Ovarian > Cervical
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What's the prognosis of the top three gynecological tumors (worst first)?
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Ovarian > Cervical > Endometrial
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Malignant tumor equivalent to male seminoma. Sheets of uniform cells. Incr. in serum LDH. Tumor and its marker?
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Dysgerminoma - ovarian germ cell tumor. hCG.
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Rare but malignant tumor that can develop during pregnancy in mother or baby. Large, hyperchromatic synctiotrophoblastic cells. Inc. frequency of theca-lutein cells. Tumor and its marker?
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Choriocarcinoma (ovarian germ cell tumor), hCG.
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Aggressive malignancy in ovaries (testes in boys) and sacrococcygeal area of young children. Tumor and its marker?
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Yolk sac (endodermal sinus tumor), AFP.
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benign tumor that looks like bladder. tumor?
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Brenner tumor ("Brenner tumor looks like Bladder")
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Bundles of spindle-shaped fibroblasts.
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Fibromas
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Triad of ovarian fibroma, ascites, and hydrothorax -- what syndrome?
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Meig's syndrome (pulling sensation in groin)
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This tumor secretes estrogen --> precocious puberty in kids. Can cause endometrial hyperplasia or carcinoma in adults. Contains Call-Exner bodies (small follicles filled with eosinophilic secretions).
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Granulosa-cell tumor
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GI malignancy that metastasizes to ovaries, causing mucin-secreting signet cell adenocarcinoma. Tumor?
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Krukenberg tumor
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This tumor of the vagina affects girls < 4 years of age; spindle-shaped tumor cells that are desmin positive. Tumor?
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Sarcoma botryoides (rhabdomyosarcoma variant).
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Tumor associated w/ DES exposure.
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Clear cell adenocarcinoma of vagina.
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Carcinoma secondary to cervical SCC.
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Vaginal SCC.
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Most common breast tumor in women < 25 years. Small, mobile, firm mass with sharp edges. Increased size and tenderness w/ pregnancy. Not a precursor to breast cancer.
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Fibroadenoma
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Benign tumor of lactiferous ducts; presents w/ serous or bloody nipple discharge.
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Intraductal papilloma
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Large, bulky tumor of connective tissue and cysts in breast. May have "leaflike" projections. Some may be malignant. Tumor?
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Phyllodes tumor
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What's the single most important prognostic factor for breast cancer?
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Axillary LN involvement.
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Early breast cancer malignancy w/o basement membrane penetration.
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DCIS
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Firm, fibrous mass of breast. Worst and most invasive. Common (76%)
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Invasive ductal
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Breast tumor that presents as multiple, bilateral, orderly rows of neoplastic cells. May also form concentric circles ("bull's eye appearance")
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Invasive lobular
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Bulky, soft tumor with large cells and lymphocytic infiltrate. Good prognosis. What tumor of breast?
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Medullary carcinoma
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Ductal, caseous necrosis of breast. Tumor?
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Comedocarcinoma
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Erythematous breast w/ dimpling like an orange (peau d'orange). Type of cancer?
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Inflammatory carcinoma
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Eczematous patches on nipple. Large cells with celar halo that suggest underlying carcinoma. Also seen on vulva. Extension of DCIS into lactiferous ducts and skin of nipple. Type of cancer?
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Paget's disease of the breast.
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Most common cause of "breast lumps" from age 25 to menopause. Presents w/ diffuse breast pain and multiple lesions, often bilateral. Usually does not indicate incr. risk of carcinoma. Condition?
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Fibrocystic disease
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Breast abscess; during breast feeding, increased risk of infection throguh cracks int he nipple; S. aureus = most common pathogen. Condition?
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Acute mastitis
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Benign painless lump of breast. Forms due to injury to breast tissue. Condition?
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Fat necrosis
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Results from hyperestrogenism. Condition?
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Gynecomastia
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Drugs that cause gynecomastia?
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Spironolactone, Digitalis, Cimetidine, Alcohol, Ketoconazole ("Some Drugs Create Awesome Knockers")
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Malignant, painless testicular enlargement. Most common testicular tumor, typically affecting males 15-35. Large cells in lobules w/ watery cytoplasm and a "fried-egg" appearance. Radiosensitive. Late metastasis, excellent prognosis. Tumor?
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Seminoma
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Malignant, painful, worse prognosis than seminoma. Often glandular/papillary morphology. Can differentiate to other tumors. Tumor?
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Embryonal carcinoma
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Analagous to ovarian yolk sac tumor. Schiller-Duval bodies, primitive glomeruli, inc. AFP. Tumor?
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Yolk sac (endodermal sinus) tumor.
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Malignant tumor that has high levels of hCG. May have gynecomastia or testicular enlargement. Tends to disseminate hematogenously, invading lungs, liver and brain. Treated with orchiectomy and chemotherapy.
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Choriocarcinoma (testicular germ cell tumor)
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True or false: mature teratomas in males are most often malignant.
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True
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Benign tumor that contains Reinke crystals. Usually androgen producing, gynecomastia in men, precious puberty in boys.
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Leydig cell tumor
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Benign tumor. Androblastoma from sex cord stroma. Tumor?
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Sertoli Cell tumor
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Most common testicular cancer in older men.
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Testicular lymphoma
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Red velvety plaques, typically involving the glans of the penis. Otherwise similar to Bowen's disease.
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Erythroplasia of Queyrat
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Multiple papular lesions; affects yougner age group than other subtypes; usually does not become invasive. Only carcinoma in situ w/ no predisposition for invasion.
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Bowenoid papulosis
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Gray, solitary, crusty plaque, usually on shaft of penis or on scrotum; peak incidence in 5th decade of life; progresses to invasive SCC in < 10% of cases.
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Bowen's Disease
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Rare penile cancer in circumcised men. Uncommon in U.S. and Europe.. More common in Asia, africa, and s. america. commonly associated w/ HPV. cancer?
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Squamous cell carcinoma of penis.
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Bent penis due to acquired fibrous tissue formation. Disease?
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Peyronie's disease.
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