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42 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What's the relative incidence of the top three gynecological tumors?
Endometrial > Ovarian > Cervical
What's the prognosis of the top three gynecological tumors (worst first)?
Ovarian > Cervical > Endometrial
Malignant tumor equivalent to male seminoma. Sheets of uniform cells. Incr. in serum LDH. Tumor and its marker?
Dysgerminoma - ovarian germ cell tumor. hCG.
Rare but malignant tumor that can develop during pregnancy in mother or baby. Large, hyperchromatic synctiotrophoblastic cells. Inc. frequency of theca-lutein cells. Tumor and its marker?
Choriocarcinoma (ovarian germ cell tumor), hCG.
Aggressive malignancy in ovaries (testes in boys) and sacrococcygeal area of young children. Tumor and its marker?
Yolk sac (endodermal sinus tumor), AFP.
benign tumor that looks like bladder. tumor?
Brenner tumor ("Brenner tumor looks like Bladder")
Bundles of spindle-shaped fibroblasts.
Fibromas
Triad of ovarian fibroma, ascites, and hydrothorax -- what syndrome?
Meig's syndrome (pulling sensation in groin)
This tumor secretes estrogen --> precocious puberty in kids. Can cause endometrial hyperplasia or carcinoma in adults. Contains Call-Exner bodies (small follicles filled with eosinophilic secretions).
Granulosa-cell tumor
GI malignancy that metastasizes to ovaries, causing mucin-secreting signet cell adenocarcinoma. Tumor?
Krukenberg tumor
This tumor of the vagina affects girls < 4 years of age; spindle-shaped tumor cells that are desmin positive. Tumor?
Sarcoma botryoides (rhabdomyosarcoma variant).
Tumor associated w/ DES exposure.
Clear cell adenocarcinoma of vagina.
Carcinoma secondary to cervical SCC.
Vaginal SCC.
Most common breast tumor in women < 25 years. Small, mobile, firm mass with sharp edges. Increased size and tenderness w/ pregnancy. Not a precursor to breast cancer.
Fibroadenoma
Benign tumor of lactiferous ducts; presents w/ serous or bloody nipple discharge.
Intraductal papilloma
Large, bulky tumor of connective tissue and cysts in breast. May have "leaflike" projections. Some may be malignant. Tumor?
Phyllodes tumor
What's the single most important prognostic factor for breast cancer?
Axillary LN involvement.
Early breast cancer malignancy w/o basement membrane penetration.
DCIS
Firm, fibrous mass of breast. Worst and most invasive. Common (76%)
Invasive ductal
Breast tumor that presents as multiple, bilateral, orderly rows of neoplastic cells. May also form concentric circles ("bull's eye appearance")
Invasive lobular
Bulky, soft tumor with large cells and lymphocytic infiltrate. Good prognosis. What tumor of breast?
Medullary carcinoma
Ductal, caseous necrosis of breast. Tumor?
Comedocarcinoma
Erythematous breast w/ dimpling like an orange (peau d'orange). Type of cancer?
Inflammatory carcinoma
Eczematous patches on nipple. Large cells with celar halo that suggest underlying carcinoma. Also seen on vulva. Extension of DCIS into lactiferous ducts and skin of nipple. Type of cancer?
Paget's disease of the breast.
Most common cause of "breast lumps" from age 25 to menopause. Presents w/ diffuse breast pain and multiple lesions, often bilateral. Usually does not indicate incr. risk of carcinoma. Condition?
Fibrocystic disease
Breast abscess; during breast feeding, increased risk of infection throguh cracks int he nipple; S. aureus = most common pathogen. Condition?
Acute mastitis
Benign painless lump of breast. Forms due to injury to breast tissue. Condition?
Fat necrosis
Results from hyperestrogenism. Condition?
Gynecomastia
Drugs that cause gynecomastia?
Spironolactone, Digitalis, Cimetidine, Alcohol, Ketoconazole ("Some Drugs Create Awesome Knockers")
Malignant, painless testicular enlargement. Most common testicular tumor, typically affecting males 15-35. Large cells in lobules w/ watery cytoplasm and a "fried-egg" appearance. Radiosensitive. Late metastasis, excellent prognosis. Tumor?
Seminoma
Malignant, painful, worse prognosis than seminoma. Often glandular/papillary morphology. Can differentiate to other tumors. Tumor?
Embryonal carcinoma
Analagous to ovarian yolk sac tumor. Schiller-Duval bodies, primitive glomeruli, inc. AFP. Tumor?
Yolk sac (endodermal sinus) tumor.
Malignant tumor that has high levels of hCG. May have gynecomastia or testicular enlargement. Tends to disseminate hematogenously, invading lungs, liver and brain. Treated with orchiectomy and chemotherapy.
Choriocarcinoma (testicular germ cell tumor)
True or false: mature teratomas in males are most often malignant.
True
Benign tumor that contains Reinke crystals. Usually androgen producing, gynecomastia in men, precious puberty in boys.
Leydig cell tumor
Benign tumor. Androblastoma from sex cord stroma. Tumor?
Sertoli Cell tumor
Most common testicular cancer in older men.
Testicular lymphoma
Red velvety plaques, typically involving the glans of the penis. Otherwise similar to Bowen's disease.
Erythroplasia of Queyrat
Multiple papular lesions; affects yougner age group than other subtypes; usually does not become invasive. Only carcinoma in situ w/ no predisposition for invasion.
Bowenoid papulosis
Gray, solitary, crusty plaque, usually on shaft of penis or on scrotum; peak incidence in 5th decade of life; progresses to invasive SCC in < 10% of cases.
Bowen's Disease
Rare penile cancer in circumcised men. Uncommon in U.S. and Europe.. More common in Asia, africa, and s. america. commonly associated w/ HPV. cancer?
Squamous cell carcinoma of penis.
Bent penis due to acquired fibrous tissue formation. Disease?
Peyronie's disease.