Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
77 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
MC of:
DIC |
sepsis
trauma obstetric complications pancreatitis malignancy nephrotic transfrusions |
|
|
MC of:
heart murmur |
Mitral prolapse
|
|
|
MC of:
coronary thrombosis |
LAD
|
|
|
MC of:
death in lupus px |
renal
|
|
|
MC of:
congenital heart anomaly |
VSD
|
|
|
WAGR
|
wilms
aniridia genital malformation retardation |
|
|
how many carbons are found on testosterone and androstenedion
|
19
|
|
|
reproductive pathology:
female with no barr body |
turner
|
|
|
reproductive pathology:
XXY |
kleinfelters
|
|
|
reproductive pathology:
XO |
turner
|
|
|
presence of ovaries but male genitalia
|
female pseudohermaphrodite
|
|
|
reproductive pathology:
unable to generate DHT |
5a reductase dfe
|
|
|
reproductive pathology:
both ovaries and testicles present |
true hermaphrodite
|
|
|
reproductive pathology:
webbing of the neck |
turner
|
|
|
reproductive pathology:
male with barr body |
klienfelters
|
|
|
reproductive pathology:
ambiguous genitalia until puberty |
5a reductase def
|
|
|
Dx support testes leads to relief
|
epididymitis
|
|
|
Dx support of testes does relief
|
testicular torsion
|
|
|
problem in testicular torsion
|
twisting of spermatic cord
|
|
|
by when must the testes descend
|
1 year
|
|
|
tumor a/w cryptochidism
|
germ cell tumor
|
|
|
testicular tumor a/w:
composed of cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblast |
choriocarcinoma
|
|
|
testicular tumor a/w:
elevated AFP |
yolk sac
|
|
|
testicular tumor a/w:
elevated B-hCG |
choriocarcinoma
embryonal |
|
|
testicular tumor a/w:
MC |
seminoma
|
|
|
testicular tumor a/w:
MC in 3 yo and younger |
yolk sac
|
|
|
testicular tumor a/w:
MC in 60 yo and older |
lymphoma
|
|
|
testicular tumor a/w:
similar appearance to koilocytes |
seminoma
|
|
|
testicular tumor a/w:
alveolar or tubular appearance with papillary convolutions |
embryonal
|
|
|
testicular tumor a/w:
multiple tissues |
teratoma
|
|
|
testicular tumor a/w:
schiller duval bodies |
yolk sac
|
|
|
testicular tumor a/w:
reinke crystals |
leydig
|
|
|
testicular tumor a/w:
androgen producing leaidng to precocious puberty |
leydig
|
|
|
what cells in the testes are affected by increased temp
|
sertoli
|
|
|
what pathologies can lead to increased temp in the testes
|
vericocele
cryptochidism |
|
|
what is spermiogenesis
|
spermatid to spermatozoan
loss of cytoplasmic contents and gain of acrosomal cap |
|
|
what is spermatogensis
|
production of spermatids
|
|
|
what happens if meiosis 1 is damaged in males
|
accumulation of primary spermatocyte
|
|
|
what happens if meiosis 2 is damaged in males
|
accumulation of secondary spermatocyte
|
|
|
hormone changes in cryptochidism
|
decreased inhibin
increased FSH |
|
|
what area of the testicles is affected by cryporchidism
|
seminiferous tubules atrophy and hyalinize
|
|
|
what can inhibit testosterone receptors
|
flutamide
spironolactone |
|
|
where is testosterone converted to estrogen
|
adipose tissue
sertoli cells |
|
|
SE of methyltestosterone
|
increased LDL
low HDL |
|
|
MOA finasteride
|
5a reductase inhibitor
|
|
|
MOA flutamide
|
impairs ligand interaction of androgens
|
|
|
what is used to prevent hirsutism in px with PCOS
|
ketoconozole
spironolactone |
|
|
MCC of female pseudohermaphrodite
|
adrenal hyperplasia
|
|
|
MCC of male pseudohermaphrodite
|
androgen insensitivity
|
|
|
hormone alterations in androgen insensitivity
|
increased
-testosterone -estrogen -LH |
|
|
a/w testes in the labia majora
|
androgen insensitivity
|
|
|
a/w hypospadias
|
5a reductase def
|
|
|
hormone alterations in 5a reductase def
|
all normale
|
|
|
phenotype of androgen insensitivity
|
normal appearing female
but has testes and is XY |
|
|
phenotype of antimullerain hormone def
|
both internal genitalia
male esternal genitalia |
|
|
testicular tumor:
painless, nonhemorrhagic or necrotic |
seminoma
|
|
|
testicular tumor:
fried egg apearence |
seminoma
|
|
|
testicular tumor:
immunoreactive with PLAP |
seminoma
|
|
|
testicular tumor:
a/w cryptochidism |
seminoma
|
|
|
testicular tumor:
painful, hemorrhagic and necrotic |
embryonal
|
|
|
testicular tumor:
increase AFP and B hCG |
embryonal
|
|
|
hormones elevated in embryonal
|
AFP
BhCG |
|
|
why cant chemo be done on embryonal tumors
|
differentiate to teratoma
|
|
|
why cant biopsy be done on testicular cancer
|
could seed to scrotum
|
|
|
testicular tumor:
glomeruloid structure |
yolk sac
|
|
|
hormones elevated in yolk sac tumor
|
AFP
|
|
|
hormones elevated in choriocarcinoma
|
hCG
|
|
|
testicular tumor:
may lead to hyperthyroidism or gynechomastia |
choriocarcinoma
|
|
|
testicular tumor:
spreads via blood |
choriocarcinoma
|
|
|
bag of worms
|
vericocele
|
|
|
what causes a vericocele
|
in children
-dilated pampiniform plexus -could be because of compression between aorta and SMA in adults -blocked lymphatic drainage |
|
|
mass in testicle that enlarges when standing and regresses when laying down
|
varicocele
|
|
|
problem in hydrocele
|
incomplete fusion of the process vaginalis
|
|
|
what is a spermatocele
|
dilated epididymal duct
|
|
|
what causes a spermatocele
|
continuity between epididymus and tunica vaginalis
|
|
|
fried egg appearance
|
koilocyte
oligodendroglioma seminoma/dysgerminoma |
|
|
absnet cremasteric reflex
|
testicular torsions
|
